User contributions for Protalina
A user with 803 edits. Account created on 27 November 2009.
9 June 2024
- 17:4517:45, 9 June 2024 diff hist +358 Stanley, County Durham →Wars: Added war memorial. current
8 June 2024
- 13:4313:43, 8 June 2024 diff hist +1 m Almucs de Castelnau typo
- 10:5410:54, 8 June 2024 diff hist −4 Quaking Houses Undid another from 21/01/20. current
- 09:5709:57, 8 June 2024 diff hist +635 Almucs de Castelnau Added infobox. Light copy-edit. Amended short description.
- 08:3808:38, 8 June 2024 diff hist +30 Quaking Houses Manual undo, to status quo ante, of vandal edit on 21/01/20 by unknown user & adding {{citation needed}}.
7 June 2024
- 21:2021:20, 7 June 2024 diff hist 0 m Cécile McLorin Salvant →Awards and honors: Typo
- 21:0421:04, 7 June 2024 diff hist +1 m Nontheist Quakers →Beliefs: Missing digit in year in ref title.
- 18:1118:11, 7 June 2024 diff hist +1,049 Stanley, County Durham →Notable people: Added year ranges / dates; checked/adjusted wikilinks; light copy-edit; checked refs (added one for Frank Keegan); continued sort by birth year. Deleted entry for Barry Venison as couldn't see link to Stanley from wiki article/
- 11:4311:43, 7 June 2024 diff hist +129 Template talk:Infobox military memorial →Useful parameters: |material |length |width |height: Reply current Tag: Reply
- 10:5910:59, 7 June 2024 diff hist +280 User:Protalina →Principles and policy: Added a couple. current
- 10:3010:30, 7 June 2024 diff hist +445 Template talk:Infobox military memorial →Useful parameters: |material |length |width |height: new section Tag: New topic
6 June 2024
- 11:2611:26, 6 June 2024 diff hist +802 Dresden, Ontario →History: Added book. current
5 June 2024
- 20:4020:40, 5 June 2024 diff hist +69 Oxford Spanish Civil War memorial Added {{Coord} to infobox. current
4 June 2024
- 20:0020:00, 4 June 2024 diff hist +893 Talk:Fashion in the United States →Section on exhibitions & museums: new section current Tag: New topic
- 19:4519:45, 4 June 2024 diff hist +361 Fashion in the United States →Further reading: Added. current
- 10:0210:02, 4 June 2024 diff hist +520 Talk:Metropolitan Museum of Art →Special exhibitions: is it useful or appropriate to have a subsection on a particular 2022 one?: new section Tag: New topic
- 09:3709:37, 4 June 2024 diff hist −241 Stanley, County Durham →Transport links: As text on historical (ie closed stations) is now in History section (with citation for closure date added), deleting here as per my understanding of consensus (please undo if not).
- 09:1909:19, 4 June 2024 diff hist +322 Oxford Spanish Civil War memorial →Planning and council conflict: Added citation for successful third planning application.
- 09:0509:05, 4 June 2024 diff hist +30 m Oxford Spanish Civil War memorial →Planning and council conflict: Wikilinked Tom Buchanan.
- 09:0109:01, 4 June 2024 diff hist +784 Oxford Spanish Civil War memorial →Planning and council conflict: Added a clause on each of the two rejected proposals, plus links to each planning application (open access).
- 08:1108:11, 4 June 2024 diff hist −7 m Oxford Spanish Civil War memorial Deleted 'people' repetition.
3 June 2024
- 20:4220:42, 3 June 2024 diff hist +596 Paul Davies Infobox—Known for: re Moving Mirror (redlinked). Replaced by 'Davies-Fulling "moving mirror" model'. Nothing, yet, on Wikipedia, so added footnote. current
- 16:4616:46, 3 June 2024 diff hist +855 Paul Davies →Media work: Re public stance on science & religion: added citations for Templeton Foundation, Church Times, Reason to Believe; changed 'others' to 'other commentators' [correct sense, I hope]; deleted {{citation needed|date=December 2020}}.
- 08:4908:49, 3 June 2024 diff hist −10 Paul Davies Infobox—thesis title: cited existing footnote, deleted {{citation needed|date=May 2019}}
2 June 2024
- 12:0812:08, 2 June 2024 diff hist −444 Almucs de Castelnau →Identification: Copy-edit & trim of Almodis de Caseneuve section.
- 11:5211:52, 2 June 2024 diff hist −54 Almucs de Castelnau →Interpretations: Reordering info items in 2 refs to improve readability, + wikilinks.
- 11:2711:27, 2 June 2024 diff hist +1 Almucs de Castelnau Adjusting language codes & name of author referred to inline.
- 11:1711:17, 2 June 2024 diff hist +259 User talk:DragonofBatley →Stanley, County Durham: what info to include in section 'Transport links'?: Reply Tag: Reply
- 11:1411:14, 2 June 2024 diff hist +353 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added citation for 1955 closure of West Stanley & Annfield Plain railway stations.
- 05:5105:51, 2 June 2024 diff hist +232 User talk:DragonofBatley →Stanley, County Durham: what info to include in section 'Transport links'?: Reply Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 05:4505:45, 2 June 2024 diff hist +1 Stanley, County Durham →top: Fixed typo - space needed after comma Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 05:4005:40, 2 June 2024 diff hist −4 Stanley, County Durham →top: De-wikilinked Bloemfontein, which was pointing to the South African place of that name. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 05:2605:26, 2 June 2024 diff hist −9 Stanley, County Durham →top: "Expand" used twice in sentence. Changed one to a synonym. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 05:1305:13, 2 June 2024 diff hist +194 User talk:DragonofBatley →Stanley, County Durham: what info to include in section 'Transport links'?: Reply Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 00:0500:05, 2 June 2024 diff hist +4 m User talk:DragonofBatley →Stanley, County Durham: what info to include in section 'Transport links'?
- 00:0400:04, 2 June 2024 diff hist +1,303 Talk:Stanley, County Durham →What info to include in section 'Transport links'?: new section current Tag: New topic
1 June 2024
- 23:4723:47, 1 June 2024 diff hist +311 User talk:DragonofBatley →Stanley, County Durham: what info to include in section 'Transport links'?: new section Tag: New topic
- 23:2823:28, 1 June 2024 diff hist −67 Stanley, County Durham The change you made is not in line with the reference cited. Please use the edit summary to explain the reason for the edit. Undid revision 1226805490 by DragonofBatley (talk) Tag: Undo
- 23:0323:03, 1 June 2024 diff hist +241 Stanley, County Durham →History: Moved info on former railway stations from Transport section: added date of closure - citation to come.
- 22:5822:58, 1 June 2024 diff hist −242 Stanley, County Durham →Transport links: Moving useful historical info on railways to history section. Tag: Reverted
- 22:5622:56, 1 June 2024 diff hist −16 Stanley, County Durham →Transport links: Grammar Tag: Reverted
- 22:5422:54, 1 June 2024 diff hist +671 Stanley, County Durham →Transport links: Restoring useful information deleted by User:DragonofBatley without explanation in edit summary. Tag: Reverted
- 22:5122:51, 1 June 2024 diff hist +71 Stanley, County Durham Restoring useful information for readers unfamiliar with UK. Undid revision 1226798243 by DragonofBatley (talk) Tags: Undo Reverted
- 14:5514:55, 1 June 2024 diff hist −490 Stanley, County Durham Deleted wards (moved to Local gov section).
- 14:5314:53, 1 June 2024 diff hist +1,474 Stanley, County Durham →Local government: Added subheads; wards (moved from Top); Stanley Area Action Partnership.
- 10:5110:51, 1 June 2024 diff hist +1,262 Stanley, County Durham →Memorials: Added subheads + South Moor Memorial Park.
31 May 2024
- 16:3616:36, 31 May 2024 diff hist +39 Stanley, County Durham Trim + wikilink {{Distinguish}}
30 May 2024
- 14:0114:01, 30 May 2024 diff hist +1,709 Almucs de Castelnau Added Interpretations subsection to Works; transferred name variants to Notes.
- 13:0913:09, 30 May 2024 diff hist +1,266 Almucs de Castelnau →Works: Light copy-edit; formatting; +2 citations.
- 08:4508:45, 30 May 2024 diff hist +459 User talk:Johnbod →The Met:→In America: An Anthology of Fashion: new section Tag: New topic
29 May 2024
- 14:1814:18, 29 May 2024 diff hist −386 Regulation of artificial intelligence →European Union: Deleted, as non-relevant, a ref appended to "On February 2, 2020, the European Commission published its White Paper on Artificial Intelligence – A European approach to excellence and trust." entitled "Does This Change Everything? Coronavirus and your private data" linked to a European Investment Bank news item.
- 11:0111:01, 29 May 2024 diff hist +1,563 Metropolitan Museum of Art Added section on performance arts program (MetLiveArts), with citations.
- 10:2510:25, 29 May 2024 diff hist +460 Regulation of artificial intelligence →European Union: Added European Court of Auditors report published May 29, 2024: "Artificial intelligence: EU must pick up the pace".
28 May 2024
- 09:5209:52, 28 May 2024 diff hist −129 m Stevie Wishart →References: Deleted current
- 09:5009:50, 28 May 2024 diff hist −56 Stevie Wishart Deleted {{Multiple issues| {{BLP sources|date=January 2012}}: enough citations, though more would be useful for readers in 'Selected works' section.
- 09:4709:47, 28 May 2024 diff hist +189 Stevie Wishart →Selected works: Added citation for 'Out of this World' premiere.
- 09:4009:40, 28 May 2024 diff hist −201 Stevie Wishart →References: Transferring link in uncited Reference to entry in Selected works section; deleted entry here.
- 09:3609:36, 28 May 2024 diff hist +105 Stevie Wishart →External links: Adding link moved from References.
- 09:3409:34, 28 May 2024 diff hist −118 Stevie Wishart →References: Moving uncited external-ref-type link from References to External links.
- 09:3209:32, 28 May 2024 diff hist +21 m Stevie Wishart Formatted external link in ref.
- 09:2709:27, 28 May 2024 diff hist +116 Stevie Wishart →Improvisation: Changed inline external links to inline citations; wikilinked artists & bands.
- 08:5308:53, 28 May 2024 diff hist −325 Stevie Wishart →Composition: Changed inline external links to inline citations; changed inline sources to citations; removed e-commerce links.
- 06:2806:28, 28 May 2024 diff hist −38 Stevie Wishart Deleted {{External links|date=September 2020}}
- 06:2706:27, 28 May 2024 diff hist −2,794 Stevie Wishart →External links: In line with WP:EXTERNAL, pruned links. If you wish to reinsert any, please consider doing so as inline citations.
26 May 2024
- 14:1014:10, 26 May 2024 diff hist +69 Troubadour →Trobairitz: Cited Bruckner, Shepard, & White.
- 14:0514:05, 26 May 2024 diff hist +167 Troubadour →References: Added Bruckner, Shepard, & White, (2000). Songs of the Women Troubadours.
- 13:4313:43, 26 May 2024 diff hist +25 Troubadour →Trobairitz: Cited Schultz-Gora. Changed twenty-three to twenty-two in line with "Ihre litterarische Hinterlassenschaft beläuft sich zusammen auf c. 22 Lieder, Teozonen, Kohlen" in cited text.
- 13:3513:35, 26 May 2024 diff hist +248 Troubadour →References: Added Schultz-Gora, Oskar (1888). Die provenzalischen Dichterinnen: Biographien und Texte [The Provençal Women Poets: Biographies and Texts.]
- 13:0213:02, 26 May 2024 diff hist +22 Troubadour →Trobairitz: Cited Rieger.
- 12:5612:56, 26 May 2024 diff hist +295 Troubadour →References: Added Rieger, Angelica (1991). Trobairitz: Der Beitrag der Frau in der altokzitanischen höfischen Lyrik. Edition des Gesamtkorpus.
- 12:5412:54, 26 May 2024 diff hist −295 m Troubadour Typo - Undid revision 1225745372 by Protalina (talk) Tag: Undo
- 12:5012:50, 26 May 2024 diff hist +295 Troubadour →References: Added Reiger, Angelica (1991). Trobairitz: Der Beitrag der Frau in der altokzitanischen höfischen Lyrik. Edition des Gesamtkorpus. Tag: Reverted
25 May 2024
- 14:2114:21, 25 May 2024 diff hist +1 m Almucs de Castelnau →Works: typo
- 14:1514:15, 25 May 2024 diff hist +883 Almucs de Castelnau Added stanza + translation using {{verse translation}}
- 13:4213:42, 25 May 2024 diff hist +420 Almucs de Castelnau Added citation for text of razo & mention of miniatures in MSS; clarified tenso has two stanzas; adjusted over-precise urls.
- 12:5812:58, 25 May 2024 diff hist +505 Almucs de Castelnau Name variants: added citation for those listed in cited source; deleted others, & tweaked sentence.
24 May 2024
- 20:1720:17, 24 May 2024 diff hist +1,547 Almucs de Castelnau Changed existing two 'Sources' to References, updated editions, inserted inline citations. Deleted tag {{no footnotes|date=August 2007}}. Added citation for Guirand I de Caseneuve (corrected from 'Guiraut'). Wikilinked 'Simiane' (family) & 'Caseneuve'(place). Removed redlinks. Cited c13th MSS, only source of tenso.
23 May 2024
- 14:4814:48, 23 May 2024 diff hist +4,071 Stanley, County Durham →Governance: Following through on Talk page proposal of 12 May 2024. Existing administrative & historical detail now in Notes, + refs added. Added description of town council & other local gov tiers.
- 14:0714:07, 23 May 2024 diff hist +41 m Stanley, County Durham Added Notes section header.
- 14:0214:02, 23 May 2024 diff hist −4 User:Protalina/sandbox →Local government: update LGB current
- 09:2309:23, 23 May 2024 diff hist +73 User:Protalina/sandbox →Local government: Final proof
- 09:1409:14, 23 May 2024 diff hist +40 User:Protalina/sandbox →Local government: Proofing-2
- 09:0509:05, 23 May 2024 diff hist +5,964 User:Protalina/sandbox →Articles in progress: proofing-1
22 May 2024
- 11:0111:01, 22 May 2024 diff hist +973 Subtext {{short description}} generalised. For first para in lead, cited recent authoritative source.
21 May 2024
- 18:1818:18, 21 May 2024 diff hist +4 Stochastic terrorism →Defining features: Wikilinked "subtext" following rewrite of lead in Subtext article. current
- 18:1418:14, 21 May 2024 diff hist +460 Subtext Following through on Talk page proposal of 10 May 2024: as first step, replaced current lead with basic definition. Changed title of following section as holding action.
20 May 2024
- 16:3516:35, 20 May 2024 diff hist −33 m Stanley, County Durham →History: Removed duplicate title in ref. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
- 14:4414:44, 20 May 2024 diff hist +609 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added Louisa Morrison Pit Disaster, + citations.
18 May 2024
- 13:5613:56, 18 May 2024 diff hist +25 m Stanley, County Durham + access-date for ref.
- 13:5113:51, 18 May 2024 diff hist +1,352 Stanley, County Durham Lead - copy-edit + added citations: more focus on what Stanley now is.
- 11:5911:59, 18 May 2024 diff hist +23 Dresden, Ontario →Media: Added a further publication covering events in Dresden.
- 11:5411:54, 18 May 2024 diff hist +1,575 Stanley, County Durham →Memorials and commemorations: Added: memorial to 1947 Louisa Morrison Pit Disaster; Armed Forces Day & Miners' Sunday commemorations.
- 11:0011:00, 18 May 2024 diff hist −30 Stanley, County Durham Moved citation of town council website from first word of article to new "External links" section.
- 10:4710:47, 18 May 2024 diff hist −94 Durham Miners' Gala →Videos: Deleted defunct links "Tribute to the collieries of County Durham [...] (YouTube)," & 2009 Gala (Guardian); reordered list.
- 10:2510:25, 18 May 2024 diff hist −40 Durham Miners' Gala Removed {{More citations needed|date=July 2023}} as statements are well referenced. Add {{
- 10:2110:21, 18 May 2024 diff hist +20 m Durham Miners' Gala →Further reading: Syntax
12 May 2024
- 12:1212:12, 12 May 2024 diff hist +589 Talk:Stanley, County Durham →Most of the Governance section belongs in History: new section Tag: New topic
11 May 2024
- 09:3709:37, 11 May 2024 diff hist −7 Stochastic terrorism →top: Fixed grammar after previous edit; generalised from 'speech' to 'communication'. Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit Android app edit
10 May 2024
- 23:1123:11, 10 May 2024 diff hist +924 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added announcement of refurbishment & upgrade of Beamish Football Centre, with citation. {{citation needed}} added to 2 other paras in this section with unsupported statements.
- 05:5805:58, 10 May 2024 diff hist +619 Talk:Subtext →Improving the article: proposed way forward: new section current Tag: New topic
8 May 2024
- 22:2422:24, 8 May 2024 diff hist +27 Stochastic terrorism →Defining features: Wikilinked 'dog whistles' to 'Dog whistle (politics)'
6 May 2024
- 15:4015:40, 6 May 2024 diff hist +1,216 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: Added subsection on youth clubs & activities for children, & merged Activity Den into this.
- 02:0302:03, 6 May 2024 diff hist +748 Stanley, County Durham →History: West Stanley Pit Disaster 1909: tweaked wikilink to be more specific, added precise number killed, cited contemporary news report & NMining ResSoc article, added 1882 disaster + citation.
- 00:0700:07, 6 May 2024 diff hist +219 Stanley, County Durham →History: Trimmed sex club para, removed {{Undue inline}} tag.
5 May 2024
- 18:2218:22, 5 May 2024 diff hist 0 m Stanley, County Durham →Memorials and commemorations: typo
- 18:2018:20, 5 May 2024 diff hist +1,341 Stanley, County Durham →Memorials and commemorations: : new section + first content
4 May 2024
- 18:1218:12, 4 May 2024 diff hist −260 Stanley, County Durham →History: Trimmed fish-&-chip shop para, added citation, deleted {{citation needed}} & {{Undue inline}} tags.
- 15:4815:48, 4 May 2024 diff hist +430 Dresden, Ontario →Memorials: Added sentence on documentary (in development) on 1957 cave-in tragedy, & citation.
29 April 2024
- 15:0715:07, 29 April 2024 diff hist +102 m Stanley, County Durham →History: "Too much detail" flag re swingers' club.
28 April 2024
- 12:3712:37, 28 April 2024 diff hist +109 User talk:Mike Christie →'History of fantasy' article: Reply Tag: Reply
27 April 2024
- 20:0020:00, 27 April 2024 diff hist +538 User talk:Mike Christie →'History of fantasy' article: new section Tag: New topic
- 14:1114:11, 27 April 2024 diff hist +137 m Stanley, County Durham →History: Fish-and-chip shop: citation needed + ?level of detail.
- 10:0210:02, 27 April 2024 diff hist −4 m Newcastle upon Tyne →Water: Removed recursive wikilink.
- 10:0110:01, 27 April 2024 diff hist +1,344 Stanley, County Durham →Transport links: : added new section.
- 08:3808:38, 27 April 2024 diff hist +2 Tommy Armstrong (singer) Genre was music hall, not concert hall. current
- 08:3608:36, 27 April 2024 diff hist +12 Tommy Armstrong (singer) Music hall, not concert hall.
- 08:3108:31, 27 April 2024 diff hist +1,050 Stanley, County Durham →Notable people: Added four people born in c18th or 19th.
- 08:2708:27, 27 April 2024 diff hist −4 m Stanley, County Durham →History: typo
- 08:2608:26, 27 April 2024 diff hist +963 Stanley, County Durham →History: Tweaked ref to John Speed & added citation for map that also appears to show Stanley as "Standley".
- 08:2008:20, 27 April 2024 diff hist +1,184 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added ref to 1576 map appearing to show Stanley as "Standley".
- 08:1408:14, 27 April 2024 diff hist +877 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added c. 1228 ref to Stanley in the historical record.
- 08:0808:08, 27 April 2024 diff hist +70 Stanley, County Durham →History: Citations needed for unsourced statements.
22 April 2024
- 21:0221:02, 22 April 2024 diff hist +11 m Talk:Stanley, County Durham →The Jarrow walkers.: formatted link
21 April 2024
- 10:1610:16, 21 April 2024 diff hist +45 Synchronicity →Examples: As per Talk page, "Examples" topic: inserted subheads & grouped Jung paras together.
20 April 2024
- 12:1512:15, 20 April 2024 diff hist +264 William Edwin Hamilton Added "Further reading" section + article on W. E. Hamilton by D. E. Williams in 'Ontario History' journal. current
- 11:3111:31, 20 April 2024 diff hist +417 Ontario wine →Wine authority: Added citation for secondary source describing responsibilities of VQA.
- 09:3709:37, 20 April 2024 diff hist +20 m Stanley, County Durham →Notable people: Wikilinks
- 09:3509:35, 20 April 2024 diff hist +607 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: Added para on The Activity Den youth centre.
- 09:1009:10, 20 April 2024 diff hist −51 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: Deleted {{More citations needed section|date=January 2022}}, as all paras now have RS.
- 09:0909:09, 20 April 2024 diff hist +495 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added para( verbatim )on Stanley Youth Centre (moved from Leisure section). Citation needed.
- 09:0409:04, 20 April 2024 diff hist −460 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: In line with Talk page proposal: moving Stanley Youth Centre para to History section.
- 09:0209:02, 20 April 2024 diff hist +640 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added para on former Stanley Youth Centre Summer Playscheme.
- 08:5708:57, 20 April 2024 diff hist −408 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: In line with Talk page proposal: deleted para on Summer Playscheme, which stopped after 2013. Added para to History section.
- 08:5408:54, 20 April 2024 diff hist +370 Stanley, County Durham →Education: Added link to dynamic list of primary schools within 3 miles of Stanley maintained by UK's Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education, Children's Services and Skills).
- 08:4408:44, 20 April 2024 diff hist +2,684 Stanley, County Durham →History: Added para on Stanley Civic Hall (formerly Lamplight Arts Centre).
- 08:3708:37, 20 April 2024 diff hist −200 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: In line with Talk page proposal: deleted para on Lamplight Arts Centre, as this became Stanley Civic Hall in 2013, & the Hall closed in 2023 (see para added in History section).
16 April 2024
- 14:4114:41, 16 April 2024 diff hist +39 m Christian apologetics →Origins apologetics: author-linked
14 April 2024
- 21:3921:39, 14 April 2024 diff hist +331 Christian apologetics →Origins apologetics: Regarding Pierre Teilhard de Chardin: cannot find "most radical" RS, so adding a "one of the most influential" RS. Deleted {{citation needed|date=November 2019}}
- 21:1621:16, 14 April 2024 diff hist +319 Christian apologetics →Origins apologetics: Regarding Pierre Teilhard de Chardin: added citation for condemnation ("monitum") in 1962. Deleted {{citation needed|date=June 2022}}
- 11:1211:12, 14 April 2024 diff hist +605 Stanley, County Durham →History: Moved para, with tweaks, on Stanley Blues Festival from Leisure section. The Festival was resurrected in 2015 (a one-off?): will follow up & adjust article (https://www.chroniclelive.co.uk/whats-on/music-nightlife-news/stanley-blues-festival-makes-welcome-9939411).
- 10:5910:59, 14 April 2024 diff hist −640 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: Deleted para on former Stanley Blues Festival & moving it to History section (in the spirit of proposal on Talk page).
13 April 2024
- 12:4312:43, 13 April 2024 diff hist +619 Stanley, County Durham →Leisure: In line with proposal on Talk page, added Stanley Indoor Bowls Centre.
- 11:2411:24, 13 April 2024 diff hist +54 User:Protalina Added link to my user pages, ie sandbox, subs, etc.
- 11:1711:17, 13 April 2024 diff hist −10,063 User:Protalina/sandbox Transferred Thomas Hughes draft to to newly created user subpage. Added link from here to there. Added {{User sandbox}} header. Tag: Replaced
- 11:0411:04, 13 April 2024 diff hist +10,255 N User:Protalina/Thomas Hughes (priest) (1818–1876) Creating first draft of article on Thomas Hughes (priest) (1818–1876) current