The circulatory system consists of the heart , blood vessels and blood. The blood carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell in the body and picks up waste products such as carbon dioxide for removal from the body. The bulk of your blood is made up of plasma. Floating in the plasma are the red blood cells that carry oxygen, the white cells that form part of the immune system , and clotting cells called platelets. The 2 main ways to classify blood groups are the ABO system and the Rh system. Together, they make up the 8 main blood groups. Other blood group systems exist - to date, researchers have identified more than minor blood groups External Link with new antigens still being discovered External Link. A person's blood group is determined by a pair of genes - one gene inherited from each parent. Each blood group is identified by its own set of molecules called antigens , which are located on the surface of red blood cells.
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When a person needs a blood transfusion, the donated blood must match the recipient's blood or complications will occur. A person's blood type used to be called their 'Rhesus type' but now we say 'Rh type'. Your Rh type is determined by a different pair of genes to the ones that determine your ABO blood type again, one inherited from each parent. Blood is either Rh-positive or Rh-negative, depending on whether certain molecules are present. A person who is Rh-negative will experience a severe immune-system reaction if Rh-positive blood gets into their bloodstream. According to Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, the percentage of blood group frequency in Australia is:.A blood transfusion is the transfer of blood or blood components from one person to another. Transfusions are of red blood cells or other components such as plasma or platelets. O negative red blood cells can be given to anybody if necessary, but it is always preferable to match the exact blood group. Australia has one of the safest blood supplies in the world, and donating blood here is a very safe process. Problems can occur during pregnancy if an Rh-negative woman carries an Rh-positive baby. If blood cells from the baby travel across the placenta, the woman's immune system will see the Rh-positive cells as a threat. Specialised white blood cells will make antibodies designed to kill Rh-positive blood cells. If the woman later conceives another Rh-positive baby, her immune system will flood the fetus with antibodies.
https://media.ptcpunjabi.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/Chandigarh-Kare.jpgWhy it is important to know your partner's blood type before getting married
These antibodies then destroy the baby's red blood cells. If left untreated, this can result in severe anaemia or even death of the baby. This is called haemolytic disease of the newborn HDN. HDN is now rare, since Rh-negative mothers are immunised throughout their pregnancy and within 72 hours of giving birth, using an immunoglobulin made from donated blood products External Link. The immunoglobulin breaks down the baby's red blood cells inside the mother's bloodstream before her immune system has time to react. Blood types consist not only of the commonly recognised groups such as A, B and O, but also include more than other variants. Each of these variants is a marker on the surface of our red blood cells, and is known as an 'antigen'.
Some patients need specially matched red cells for transfusion. This means on top of being matched by ABO and Rh type, the donor's blood is matched to make sure it doesn't contain blood group variants that aren't present in the recipient's blood. As Australia's ethnic diversity continues to change, so to does the demand for these variants External Link. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. A person with amyloidosis produces aggregates of insoluble protein that cannot be eliminated from the body. When a person is anaemic, the red blood cells have to work harder to get oxygen around the body. An aneurysm may have no symptoms until it is either very large or it ruptures. Bleeding may be minor or it may be a life-threatening medical emergency.
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The full blood count FBC test looks for abnormalities in the blood, such as unusually high or low numbers of blood cells. Content on this website is provided for information purposes only. Information about a therapy, service, product or treatment does not in any way endorse or support such therapy, service, product or treatment and is not intended to replace advice from your doctor or other registered health professional. The information and materials contained on this website are not intended to constitute a comprehensive guide concerning all aspects of the therapy, product or treatment described on the website. All users are urged to always seek advice from a registered health care professional for diagnosis and answers to their medical questions and to ascertain whether the particular therapy, service, product or treatment described on the website is suitable in their circumstances. The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website. Skip to main content. Blood and blood vessels. Home Blood and blood vessels. Blood groups.Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. About blood The circulatory system consists of the heart , blood vessels and blood. Rh type blood factor A person's blood type used to be called their 'Rhesus type' but now we say 'Rh type'.
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Blood transfusion A blood transfusion is the transfer of blood or blood components from one person to another. Rh blood factor and pregnancy Problems can occur during pregnancy if an Rh-negative woman carries an Rh-positive baby. Preventing haemolytic disease of the newborn HDN HDN is now rare, since Rh-negative mothers are immunised throughout their pregnancy and within 72 hours of giving birth, using an immunoglobulin made from donated blood products External Link. Rare blood types Blood types consist not only of the commonly recognised groups such as A, B and O, but also include more than other variants. Give feedback about this page.
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