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#REDIRECT [[Chhokar Kalan]] |
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<noinclude>{{User:RMCD bot/subject notice|1=Chhokar|2=Talk:Chokar Kalan#Requested move 17 May 2024}} |
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</noinclude>{{infobox caste |
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| caste_name = Chokkar, Chokar, Chokar Kalan |
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| caste_name_in_local = |
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| image = |
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| alt = |
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| caption = |
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| abbreviation = |
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| varna = |
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| jati = |
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| gotra = |
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| religions = [[File:Star and Crescent.svg|18px]][[Islam]], [[Hinduism]] |
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| languages =[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]], [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]], [[Marwari language|Marwari]], [[Balochi language|Balochi]] |
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| country = {{Flag|Pakistan}}, {{Flag|India}} |
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| region = [[Punjab region|Punjab]], [[Sindh region|Sindh]], [[Gujarat]], [[Rajasthan]] |
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| India_migration = |
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| population = |
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| family_names = |
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| feudal_title = |
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| heraldic_title = |
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| lineage = [[Gurjar]] |
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| subdivisions = |
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| related = |
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}} |
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'''''Chhokar'''''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Crooke |first=William |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=tCc-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA197-IA3&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgOEAU#v=onepage&q=Chhokar%20Gujar&f=false |title=An Ethnographical Hand-book for the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh |date=1890 |publisher=North-Western provinces and Oudh government Press |pages=90 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Swaran |first1=Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0FigAAAAMAAJ&q=Chamayan+Gujjar |title=Chandigarh |last2=Bhalla |first2=V. |date=1997 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-7304-119-8 |language=en |quote=Gujjar:The community has a number of clans. The principal clans are Barsoi, Dhanga, Chamayan, '''Chhokar''', Khatana, Rawal, Khare, Seradra, Pilwara, Awana, Kumbar, Madi, Chechi, Koli, Chadri, Chanda, Mutan, Nekari, Rawat, Rajana, Budana. The clans regulate their marriage alliance.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=kYsMAQAAMAAJ&q=Chhokar+Gujar&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjHsZ3lppSGAxWBSfEDHUVlCqI4FBDrAXoECAMQBQ#Chhokar%20Gujar |title=Haryana State Gazetteer |date=2001 |publisher=Haryana Gazetteers Organisation, Revenue Department |pages=512 |language=en |quote=In Karnal area the principal clans of Gujjars are Rawal, '''''Chhokar''''', Charmain and Kilson. They are mostly concentrated in the rural areas of Panipat and Kaithal tahsils. They are the devotees of Lord Krishana.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Vidya Prakash Tyagi |url=http://archive.org/details/martial-races-of-undivided-india |title=Martial Races Of Undivided India |date=2009 |publisher=K.S publisher |pages=240}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Rahi |first=Javaid |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=KI1pEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA602&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgKEAU#v=onepage&q=Chhokar%20Gujar&f=false |title=The Gujjars Vol: 01 and 02 Edited by Dr. Javaid Rahi |date=2012-01-01 |publisher=Jammu and Kashmir Acacademy of Art, Culture , Languages , Jammu |pages=602 |language=en}}</ref>''''', Chokar,'''''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=bfAMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1320&dq=Chokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-nabnmJSGAxXhVPEDHSdlBjMQ6wF6BAgOEAU#v=onepage&q=Chokar%20Gujar&f=false |title=Communities, Segments, Synonyms, Surnames and Titles |date=1996 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-0-19-563357-3 |pages=1320 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ibbetson |first=Sir Denzil |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=1QmrSwFYe60C&pg=PA182&dq=Chokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwi-nabnmJSGAxXhVPEDHSdlBjMQ6wF6BAgMEAU#v=onepage&q=Chokar%20Gujar&f=false |title=Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North West Frontier Province |last2=Maclagan |date=1990 |publisher=Asian Educational Services |isbn=978-81-206-0505-3 |pages=182 |language=en |quote='''CHOKAR''', Chhokar, a Gujar tribe, found in Karnál, where they have long been settled. Immigrating from beyond Muttra they once held a chaubisi, or group of 24 villages, with Namaunda as their head-quarters}}</ref> (also spelt) '''''Chhokar, Chokhar,'''''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Aziz |first=Khursheed Kamal |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=jB5uAAAAMAAJ&q=Chechi+Gujjar&dq=Chechi+Gujjar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiJo6meh4KGAxXgh_0HHfEVCFg4ChDoAXoECAgQAw#Chokhar%20Gujjar |title=Rahmat Ali: A Biography |date=1987 |publisher=Vanguard |isbn=978-3-515-05051-7 |pages=32 |language=en |quote=Gujjars have 19 gots : Tunwar , '''Chokhar''' , Rawal , Kalsan , Kathana , Kasanah , Kalas , Gorsi , Chechi , Dhedar , Poswal , Lawi , Bijar , Khaindar , Melu , Thakaria , Chauhan , Monan , Bhumla.}}</ref> or '''Chokar Kalan'''<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TiJuAAAAMAAJ&newbks=0&hl=en |title=Himalayan and Central Asian Studies: Journal of Himalayan Research and Cultural Foundation |date=2000 |publisher=The Foundation |pages=6_7 |language=en |quote='''Chokar Kalan''' is a minor clan of Gujjars other few frominent gotras of Gujjars are Khatana, Hakla, Bajjar, Chechi, Rathore, Chauhan, Bhatti, Rana, Thekria, Noon, Bhadana, Gorsi, Bagri, Kasana, Bajran, Kohli, Khari and others.}}</ref> is a clan of the [[Gurjar]] caste group found in the south Asian regions of India, [[Afghanistan]] and Pakistan. |
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==Distribution== |
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Chhokar Gujjars are found in almost all provinces of Pakistan, Punjab, Sindh, [[Balochistan]], Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and [[Islamabad]]. Although in [[India]] they were found in [[Gujarat]], Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=K. S. |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=qUZuAAAAMAAJ&q=Chhokar+Gujar&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiWwM-0o5SGAxVSYPEDHYsuDxQ4ChDrAXoECAUQBQ#Chhokar%20Gujar |title=The Haryana |date=1994 |publisher=Anthropological Survey of India |isbn=978-81-7304-091-7 |pages=193 |language=en |quote=The Gujar community is also called Gujjar or Gurjar. It uses Chaudhary to identify itself in Haryana. Its sub-groups in Haryana are many such as Nangdi, '''''Chhokar''''', Kasana, Khatana, Bhadana, Hathwal, Bawata, Chauhan, Verma, Bhatti, Tanwar, Khepad, Bejad, Poswal, Panwar, Kalsana and Lohmor.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Kumar |first=Raj |url=https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=e8o5HyC0-FUC&q=Doi+&pg=PA446&redir_esc=y#v=snippet&q=Chhokar&f=false |title=Encyclopaedia of Untouchables Ancient, Medieval and Modern |date=2008 |publisher=Kalpas |isbn=978-81-7835-664-8 |pages=447 |language=en}}</ref> Uttarakhand, [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], and Dehli.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Bingley |first1=A. H. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1B4dAAAAMAAJ&q=Chamayan+Gujjar |title=History, Caste & Culture of Jāts and Gūjars |last2=Bahadur |first2=Krishna Prakash |date=1978 |publisher=Ess Ess Publications |pages=40 |language=en |quote=The principal Gujjar clans of the Delhi are as follows:- Barsoi, Chamayan, '''Chhokar''', Khatāna, Rāwal, Khare}}</ref>. |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==Medieval sources== |
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#[[William Crooke]] (1896) [https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=eb5gEEL2EvoC&pg=PA450&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgFEAU#v=onepage&q=Chhokar%20Gujar&f=false The Tribes and Castes of the North-western Provinces and Oudh: Volume 2] Office of the superintendent of government printing. p.450 |
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#[[William Crooke]] (1896) [https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=tCc-AAAAYAAJ&pg=PA197-IA3&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgOEAU#v=onepage&q=Chhokar%20Gujar&f=false An Ethnographical Hand-book for the N.-W. Provinces and Oudh] North-Western provinces and Oudh government Press. p.90 |
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#[[Horace Arthur Rose]] (1911) [https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=LPsvytmN3mUC&pg=PA182&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgMEAU#v=onepage&q=Chhokar%20Gujar&f=falseA Glossary of the Tribes and Castes of the Punjab and North-West Frontier Province A-K: Volume 2] Nirmal Publishers and Distributors. p.182 [[ISBN]]:9788185297699 |
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#Government of Himachal Pradesh, India (1961) [https://books.google.com.pk/books?id=sv4cAQAAMAAJ&q=Chhokar+Gujar&dq=Chhokar+Gujar&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&source=gb_mobile_search&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjfp8n_oJSGAxW0Q_EDHZiZDOAQ6wF6BAgLEAU#Chhokar%20Gujar Census of India, 1961: Volume 20] Manager of Publications. p. 379 |
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Revision as of 19:12, 18 May 2024
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