Jimmy Carter 1980 presidential campaign: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Citation bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
4,917,060 edits
Alter: title, template type. Add: newspaper, magazine, jstor, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by LeapTorchGear | #UCB_webform 200/438
Script-assisted style fixes
Tag: Reverted
Line 5: Line 5:
|logo=Jimmy Carter's campaign in 1980.webp
|logo=Jimmy Carter's campaign in 1980.webp
|campaign=[[1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries|1980 Democratic primaries]]<br />[[1980 United States presidential election|1980 U.S. presidential election]]
|campaign=[[1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries|1980 Democratic primaries]]<br />[[1980 United States presidential election|1980 U.S. presidential election]]
|candidate='''[[Jimmy Carter]]'''<br />39th [[President of the United States]]<br />''(1977–1981)''<br />'''[[Walter Mondale]]'''<br />[[Vice President of the United States|42nd Vice President of the U.S.]]<br />''(1977–1981)''
|candidate='''[[Jimmy Carter]]'''<br />39th President of the United States<br />''(1977–1981)''<br />'''[[Walter Mondale]]'''<br />[[Vice President of the United States|42nd Vice President of the U.S.]]<br />''(1977–1981)''
|affiliation=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
|affiliation=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]
|status=Presumptive nominee: June 3, 1980<br />Official nominee: August 11, 1980<br />Lost election: November 4, 1980<br />Presidency ended: January 20, 1981|headquarters=[[United States]]}}
|status=Presumptive nominee: June 3, 1980<br />Official nominee: August 11, 1980<br />Lost election: November 4, 1980<br />Presidency ended: January 20, 1981|headquarters=United States}}


The '''1980 presidential campaign of Jimmy Carter''' failed in electing him to a second term as [[President of the United States]], during the [[1980 United States presidential election|U.S. presidential election]] on November 4, 1980. [[Jimmy Carter]], a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], had the current [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]], [[Walter Mondale]], as his running mate. Their [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] opponents, [[Ronald Reagan]] and his running mate [[George H. W. Bush|George H.W. Bush]], were [[First inauguration of Ronald Reagan|inaugurated]] on January 20, 1981.
The '''1980 presidential campaign of Jimmy Carter''' failed in electing him to a second term as President of the United States, during the [[1980 United States presidential election|U.S. presidential election]] on November 4, 1980. [[Jimmy Carter]], a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], had the current Vice President, [[Walter Mondale]], as his running mate. Their [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] opponents, [[Ronald Reagan]] and his running mate [[George H. W. Bush|George H.W. Bush]], were [[First inauguration of Ronald Reagan|inaugurated]] on January 20, 1981.


[[Jimmy Carter]] launched his successful [[Jimmy Carter 1976 presidential campaign|campaign in 1976]], becoming the 39th President. Carter had low approval during his term; he was considered to have mishandled the [[Iran hostage crisis]], [[inflation]], and severe [[economic downturn]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1977–1981: The Presidency of Jimmy Carter |url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/foreword |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |archive-date=2024-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330224208/https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/foreword }}</ref> In the [[1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries]], he lost 12 states and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]] However, he still won the remaining states, and was nominated to the [[1980 Democratic National Convention]] with 1,984 delegates.
[[Jimmy Carter]] launched his successful [[Jimmy Carter 1976 presidential campaign|campaign in 1976]], becoming the 39th President. Carter had low approval during his term; he was considered to have mishandled the [[Iran hostage crisis]], inflation, and severe [[economic downturn]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1977–1981: The Presidency of Jimmy Carter |url=https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/foreword |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |archive-date=2024-03-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240330224208/https://history.state.gov/milestones/1977-1980/foreword }}</ref> In the [[1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries]], he lost 12 states and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]] However, he still won the remaining states, and was nominated to the [[1980 Democratic National Convention]] with 1,984 delegates.


Reagan and Bush challenged Carter in the general election.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shogan |first=Colleen |date=2004-11-24 |title=Reagan's 1980 Campaign |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/event/shogan.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |archive-date=2024-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114055142/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/event/shogan.pdf }}</ref> Reagan talked the most about the hostage crisis and the economy. In the [[1980 United States presidential debates#Debate list|second debate]] between Carter and Reagan, Reagan openly criticized him over the crisis; some said it was for that reason that Carter lost the election.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-18 |title=PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE OF 1980 {{!}} Encyclopedia of Cleveland History {{!}} Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/p/presidential-debate-1980 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=case.edu |language=en}}</ref>
Reagan and Bush challenged Carter in the general election.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shogan |first=Colleen |date=2004-11-24 |title=Reagan's 1980 Campaign |url=https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/event/shogan.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |archive-date=2024-01-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240114055142/https://www.wilsoncenter.org/sites/default/files/media/documents/event/shogan.pdf }}</ref> Reagan talked the most about the hostage crisis and the economy. In the [[1980 United States presidential debates#Debate list|second debate]] between Carter and Reagan, Reagan openly criticized him over the crisis; some said it was for that reason that Carter lost the election.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-06-18 |title=PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE OF 1980 {{!}} Encyclopedia of Cleveland History {{!}} Case Western Reserve University |url=https://case.edu/ech/articles/p/presidential-debate-1980 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=case.edu |language=en}}</ref>
Line 29: Line 29:
In the [[1980 Democratic presidential primaries|Democratic presidential primaries]], Carter faced a viable candidate, Senator [[Ted Kennedy]]. Kennedy addressed the crisis in Iran, rising oil prices and economic stagnation. He also spoke about the low approval ratings of the Carter administration towards the end of its term.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davies |first=Dave |date=2019-01-17 |title=How Ted Kennedy's '80 Challenge To President Carter 'Broke The Democratic Party' |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/01/17/686186156/how-ted-kennedys-80-challenge-to-president-carter-broke-the-democratic-party |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=NPR |archive-date=2024-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314233440/https://www.npr.org/2019/01/17/686186156/how-ted-kennedys-80-challenge-to-president-carter-broke-the-democratic-party }}</ref> In response, Carter said that if Kennedy ran against him in primary election, he would "kick his ass".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1979-06-25 |title=Press: Whip His What? |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,912465,00.html |access-date=2024-04-23 |magazine=Time |language=en-US |issn=0040-781X}}</ref> In the [[1980 Massachusetts Democratic presidential primary|Massachusetts primary]], Carter lost to Kennedy with 34 delegates compared to Kennedy's 78 delegates, this was a setback for Carter and he became the most recent president to lose a state primary until President [[Joe Biden]] lost to [[Jason Palmer (politician)|Jason Palmer]] in [[2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses|American Samoa]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=James Bickerton US News |date=2024-03-06 |title=Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years |url=https://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-loses-primary-jason-palmer-american-samoa-jimmy-carter-1876315 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> although he still won most of the states and only missed 12 states and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]].
In the [[1980 Democratic presidential primaries|Democratic presidential primaries]], Carter faced a viable candidate, Senator [[Ted Kennedy]]. Kennedy addressed the crisis in Iran, rising oil prices and economic stagnation. He also spoke about the low approval ratings of the Carter administration towards the end of its term.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Davies |first=Dave |date=2019-01-17 |title=How Ted Kennedy's '80 Challenge To President Carter 'Broke The Democratic Party' |url=https://www.npr.org/2019/01/17/686186156/how-ted-kennedys-80-challenge-to-president-carter-broke-the-democratic-party |url-status=dead |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=NPR |archive-date=2024-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314233440/https://www.npr.org/2019/01/17/686186156/how-ted-kennedys-80-challenge-to-president-carter-broke-the-democratic-party }}</ref> In response, Carter said that if Kennedy ran against him in primary election, he would "kick his ass".<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1979-06-25 |title=Press: Whip His What? |url=https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,912465,00.html |access-date=2024-04-23 |magazine=Time |language=en-US |issn=0040-781X}}</ref> In the [[1980 Massachusetts Democratic presidential primary|Massachusetts primary]], Carter lost to Kennedy with 34 delegates compared to Kennedy's 78 delegates, this was a setback for Carter and he became the most recent president to lose a state primary until President [[Joe Biden]] lost to [[Jason Palmer (politician)|Jason Palmer]] in [[2024 American Samoa Democratic presidential caucuses|American Samoa]],<ref>{{Cite web |last=Reporter |first=James Bickerton US News |date=2024-03-06 |title=Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years |url=https://www.newsweek.com/joe-biden-loses-primary-jason-palmer-american-samoa-jimmy-carter-1876315 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref> although he still won most of the states and only missed 12 states and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington D.C.]].


After the Democratic primaries ended, Carter received a total of 1,984 delegates and 51.1% popular votes compared to Kennedy with about 1,237 delegates and 37.6% popular votes, this was one of the rare times that a sitting president won. lose the most delegates to others, as well as the number of popular votes, because Carter's approval numbers at the end of his term remained very low.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Perry |first=Tim |date=2016-05-23 |title=Political Playback: A look back at the 1980 Democratic Convention - CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/political-playback-a-look-back-at-the-1980-democratic-convention/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>
After the Democratic primaries ended, Carter received a total of 1,984 delegates and 51.1% popular votes compared to Kennedy with about 1,237 delegates and 37.6% popular votes, this was one of the rare times that a sitting president won. lose the most delegates to others, as well as the number of popular votes, because Carter's approval numbers at the end of his term remained very low.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Perry |first=Tim |date=2016-05-23 |title=Political Playback: A look back at the 1980 Democratic Convention – CBS News |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/news/political-playback-a-look-back-at-the-1980-democratic-convention/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=www.cbsnews.com |language=en-US}}</ref>


=== 1980 Democratic National Convention ===
=== 1980 Democratic National Convention ===
{{Main|1980 Democratic National Convention|1980 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection}}
{{Main|1980 Democratic National Convention|1980 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection}}
After winning the Democratic primaries, Carter was re-nominated at the [[1980 Democratic National Convention|Democratic National Convention]] in [[New York City]], where he again chose Walter Mondale as his vice presidential running mate.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-08-10 |title=Article clipped from Hawaii Tribune-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/hawaii-tribune-herald/44822240/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |work=Hawaii Tribune-Herald |pages=2}}</ref>
After winning the Democratic primaries, Carter was re-nominated at the [[1980 Democratic National Convention|Democratic National Convention]] in New York City, where he again chose Walter Mondale as his vice presidential running mate.<ref>{{Cite news |date=1980-08-10 |title=Article clipped from Hawaii Tribune-Herald |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/hawaii-tribune-herald/44822240/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |work=Hawaii Tribune-Herald |pages=2}}</ref>


== Main competitor ==
== Main competitor ==
{{Main|1980 Republican Party presidential primaries|1980 Republican National Convention|1980 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection|l1 = |selfref = yes}}
{{Main|1980 Republican Party presidential primaries|1980 Republican National Convention|1980 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection|l1 = |selfref = yes}}
{{See also|Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign}}
{{See also|Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign}}
[[Ronald Reagan]], a member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] as well as former [[Governor of California]] and an [[actor]], announced [[Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign|his 1980 presidential campaign]] on November 13, 1979, after which he participated in the presidential primaries of the Republican Party and won 1,407 delegates, he then chose [[George H. W. Bush]] as [[vice president]] at the [[1980 Republican National Convention]], where he won the nomination to face Carter in the [[1980 United States presidential election|1980 general election]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-04 |title=Ronald Reagan: Campaigns and Elections {{!}} Miller Center |url=https://millercenter.org/president/reagan/campaigns-and-elections |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=millercenter.org |language=en}}</ref> Reagan frequently criticized Carter for the crisis in Iran, [[economic stagnation]], rising [[inflation]], and falling [[approval ratings]]. Carter criticized Reagan's age and his indiscretions, saying " he lacks the connection with his home [[California]] voter base to oppose him", Carter also added that Reagan "is a warmonger and cannot be trusted with his [[nuclear arsenal]]".<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=The Michigan Daily - Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Md1JAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yx0NAAAAIBAJ&pg=2024,3677501 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=news.google.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-23 |title=Carter Says Reagan Injects Racism |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/17/carter-says-reagan-injects-racism/e7ccb250-106a-47ef-ae67-2826ba938acc/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Carter attempted to deny Reagan's campaign $29.4 million (equivalent to $108,718,255 in 2023) in campaign funds, dependent on conservative groups that raised $60 million to help he was elected—an amount exceeding the campaign fund limit. Carter's effort was later rejected by the [[Federal Election Commission]].<ref name="auto"/>
[[Ronald Reagan]], a member of the [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican Party]] as well as former [[Governor of California]] and an actor, announced [[Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign|his 1980 presidential campaign]] on November 13, 1979, after which he participated in the presidential primaries of the Republican Party and won 1,407 delegates, he then chose [[George H. W. Bush]] as vice president at the [[1980 Republican National Convention]], where he won the nomination to face Carter in the [[1980 United States presidential election|1980 general election]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2016-10-04 |title=Ronald Reagan: Campaigns and Elections {{!}} Miller Center |url=https://millercenter.org/president/reagan/campaigns-and-elections |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=millercenter.org |language=en}}</ref> Reagan frequently criticized Carter for the crisis in Iran, [[economic stagnation]], rising inflation, and falling [[approval ratings]]. Carter criticized Reagan's age and his indiscretions, saying " he lacks the connection with his home California voter base to oppose him", Carter also added that Reagan "is a warmonger and cannot be trusted with his [[nuclear arsenal]]".<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |title=The Michigan Daily – Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Md1JAAAAIBAJ&sjid=yx0NAAAAIBAJ&pg=2024,3677501 |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=news.google.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=2023-12-23 |title=Carter Says Reagan Injects Racism |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1980/09/17/carter-says-reagan-injects-racism/e7ccb250-106a-47ef-ae67-2826ba938acc/ |access-date=2024-04-24 |newspaper=Washington Post |language=en-US |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Carter attempted to deny Reagan's campaign $29.4&nbsp;million (equivalent to $108,718,255 in 2023) in campaign funds, dependent on conservative groups that raised $60&nbsp;million to help he was elected—an amount exceeding the campaign fund limit. Carter's effort was later rejected by the [[Federal Election Commission]].<ref name="auto"/>


== Election day ==
== Election day ==
Line 45: Line 45:
[[File:Carter Reagan Debate 10-28-80.png|thumb|Carter and Reagan debating on October 28, 1980 in Cleveland, Ohio.]]
[[File:Carter Reagan Debate 10-28-80.png|thumb|Carter and Reagan debating on October 28, 1980 in Cleveland, Ohio.]]


Before the election, both Carter and Reagan [[1980 United States presidential debates|debated]] in [[Cleveland, Ohio]] on October 28, 1980, where the two talked about military, economics, inflation, politics, and the hostage crisis in Iran, Reagan later famously said during the debate which "[[Are you better off than you were four years ago|Are you better off than you were four years ago?]]" to refer to inflation and Carter's economy compared to four years ago when it was worse.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Are You Better Off Than You Were 4 Years Ago? |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/are-you-better-you-were-4-years-ago |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=www.hks.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref>
Before the election, both Carter and Reagan [[1980 United States presidential debates|debated]] in [[Cleveland]], Ohio on October 28, 1980, where the two talked about military, economics, inflation, politics, and the hostage crisis in Iran, Reagan later famously said during the debate which "[[Are you better off than you were four years ago]]?" to refer to inflation and Carter's economy compared to four years ago when it was worse.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Are You Better Off Than You Were 4 Years Ago? |url=https://www.hks.harvard.edu/publications/are-you-better-you-were-4-years-ago |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=www.hks.harvard.edu |language=en}}</ref>


=== Results: ===
=== Results: ===
{{start U.S. presidential ticket box|pv_footnote=|ev_footnote=}}
{{start U.S. presidential ticket box|pv_footnote=|ev_footnote=}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ronald Reagan]]|party=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|state=[[California]]|pv=43,903,230|pv_pct=50.75%|ev=489|vp_name=[[George H. W. Bush]]|vp_state=[[Texas]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ronald Reagan]]|party=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]|state=California|pv=43,903,230|pv_pct=50.75%|ev=489|vp_name=[[George H. W. Bush]]|vp_state=[[Texas]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Jimmy Carter]] (incumbent)|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]|state=[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]|pv=35,480,115|pv_pct=41.01%|ev=49|vp_name=[[Walter Mondale]] (incumbent)|vp_state=[[Minnesota]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Jimmy Carter]] (incumbent)|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]|state=[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]|pv=35,480,115|pv_pct=41.01%|ev=49|vp_name=[[Walter Mondale]] (incumbent)|vp_state=[[Minnesota]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[John B. Anderson]]|party=[[Independent politician|Independent]]|state=[[Illinois]]|pv=5,719,850|pv_pct=6.61%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Patrick Lucey]]|vp_state=[[Wisconsin]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[John B. Anderson]]|party=[[Independent politician|Independent]]|state=[[Illinois]]|pv=5,719,850|pv_pct=6.61%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Patrick Lucey]]|vp_state=[[Wisconsin]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ed Clark]]|party=[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]|state=[[California]]|pv=921,128|pv_pct=1.06%|ev=0|vp_name=[[David Koch]]|vp_state=[[Kansas]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ed Clark]]|party=[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]|state=California|pv=921,128|pv_pct=1.06%|ev=0|vp_name=[[David Koch]]|vp_state=[[Kansas]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Barry Commoner]]|party=[[Citizens Party (United States)|Citizens]]|state=[[Missouri]]|pv=233,052|pv_pct=0.27%|ev=0|vp_name=[[LaDonna Harris]]|vp_state=[[Oklahoma]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Barry Commoner]]|party=[[Citizens Party (United States)|Citizens]]|state=[[Missouri]]|pv=233,052|pv_pct=0.27%|ev=0|vp_name=[[LaDonna Harris]]|vp_state=[[Oklahoma]]}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Gus Hall]]|party=[[Communist Party USA|Communist]]|state=[[New York (state)|New York]]&nbsp;|pv=44,933|pv_pct=0.05%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Angela Davis]]|vp_state=[[California]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Gus Hall]]|party=[[Communist Party USA|Communist]]|state=New York&nbsp;|pv=44,933|pv_pct=0.05%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Angela Davis]]|vp_state=California&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[John Rarick]]|party=[[American Independent Party|American Independent]]|state=[[Louisiana]]&nbsp;|pv=40,906|pv_pct=0.05%|ev=0|vp_name=Eileen Shearer|vp_state=[[California]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[John Rarick]]|party=[[American Independent Party|American Independent]]|state=[[Louisiana]]&nbsp;|pv=40,906|pv_pct=0.05%|ev=0|vp_name=Eileen Shearer|vp_state=California&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Clifton DeBerry]]|party=[[Socialist Workers Party (United States)|Socialist Workers]]|state=[[California]]&nbsp;|pv=38,738|pv_pct=0.04%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Matilde Zimmermann]]|vp_state=[[New York (state)|New York]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Clifton DeBerry]]|party=[[Socialist Workers Party (United States)|Socialist Workers]]|state=California&nbsp;|pv=38,738|pv_pct=0.04%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Matilde Zimmermann]]|vp_state=New York&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ellen McCormack]]|party=[[New York State Right to Life Party|Right to Life]]|state=[[New York (state)|New York]]&nbsp;|pv=32,320|pv_pct=0.04%|ev=0|vp_name=Carroll Driscoll|vp_state=[[New Jersey]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ellen McCormack]]|party=[[New York State Right to Life Party|Right to Life]]|state=New York&nbsp;|pv=32,320|pv_pct=0.04%|ev=0|vp_name=Carroll Driscoll|vp_state=[[New Jersey]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Maureen Smith]]|party=[[Peace and Freedom Party|Peace and Freedom]]|state=[[California]]&nbsp;|pv=18,116|pv_pct=0.02%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Elizabeth Cervantes Barron]]|vp_state=[[California]]&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Maureen Smith]]|party=[[Peace and Freedom Party|Peace and Freedom]]|state=California&nbsp;|pv=18,116|pv_pct=0.02%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Elizabeth Cervantes Barron]]|vp_state=California&nbsp;}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box other|footnote=|pv=77,290|pv_pct=0.09%}}
{{U.S. presidential ticket box other|footnote=|pv=77,290|pv_pct=0.09%}}
{{end U.S. presidential ticket box|pv=86,509,678|ev=538|to_win=270}}Source - [https://library.cqpress.com/cqalmanac/document.php?id=cqal80-860-25879-1173507 Official 1980 Presidential Election Results]
{{end U.S. presidential ticket box|pv=86,509,678|ev=538|to_win=270}}Source – [https://library.cqpress.com/cqalmanac/document.php?id=cqal80-860-25879-1173507 Official 1980 Presidential Election Results]


== Aftermath ==
== Aftermath ==
After Carter's 1980 campaign failed, he became involved in many national and international public policy, [[conflict resolution]], [[human rights]], and philanthropic activities through the Carter Foundation. Carter was awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in [[2002]] for his post-presidential work in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2002 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/press-release/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref>
After Carter's 1980 campaign failed, he became involved in many national and international public policy, [[conflict resolution]], human rights, and philanthropic activities through the Carter Foundation. Carter was awarded the [[Nobel Peace Prize]] in [[2002]] for his post-presidential work in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Nobel Peace Prize 2002 |url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/peace/2002/press-release/ |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=NobelPrize.org |language=en-US}}</ref>


Carter and Reagan both lived post-presidecy for more than 10 years. Reagan died in 2004 due to his worsening [[Alzheimer's disease]], Carter attended [[Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan|his funeral]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bumiller |first1=Elisabeth |last2=Becker |first2=Elizabeth |date=2004-06-08 |title=THE 40TH PRESIDENT: THE PLANS; Down to the Last Detail, a Reagan-Style Funeral |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/08/us/the-40th-president-the-plans-down-to-the-last-detail-a-reagan-style-funeral.html |access-date=2024-04-23 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
Carter and Reagan both lived post-presidecy for more than 10 years. Reagan died in 2004 due to his worsening [[Alzheimer's disease]], Carter attended [[Death and state funeral of Ronald Reagan|his funeral]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Bumiller |first1=Elisabeth |last2=Becker |first2=Elizabeth |date=2004-06-08 |title=THE 40TH PRESIDENT: THE PLANS; Down to the Last Detail, a Reagan-Style Funeral |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/06/08/us/the-40th-president-the-plans-down-to-the-last-detail-a-reagan-style-funeral.html |access-date=2024-04-23 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Revision as of 02:08, 26 April 2024

Jimmy Carter for President 1980
File:Jimmy Carter's campaign in 1980.webp
Campaign1980 Democratic primaries
1980 U.S. presidential election
CandidateJimmy Carter
39th President of the United States
(1977–1981)
Walter Mondale
42nd Vice President of the U.S.
(1977–1981)
AffiliationDemocratic Party
StatusPresumptive nominee: June 3, 1980
Official nominee: August 11, 1980
Lost election: November 4, 1980
Presidency ended: January 20, 1981
HeadquartersUnited States

The 1980 presidential campaign of Jimmy Carter failed in electing him to a second term as President of the United States, during the U.S. presidential election on November 4, 1980. Jimmy Carter, a Democrat, had the current Vice President, Walter Mondale, as his running mate. Their Republican opponents, Ronald Reagan and his running mate George H.W. Bush, were inaugurated on January 20, 1981.

Jimmy Carter launched his successful campaign in 1976, becoming the 39th President. Carter had low approval during his term; he was considered to have mishandled the Iran hostage crisis, inflation, and severe economic downturn.[1] In the 1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries, he lost 12 states and Washington D.C. However, he still won the remaining states, and was nominated to the 1980 Democratic National Convention with 1,984 delegates.

Reagan and Bush challenged Carter in the general election.[2] Reagan talked the most about the hostage crisis and the economy. In the second debate between Carter and Reagan, Reagan openly criticized him over the crisis; some said it was for that reason that Carter lost the election.[3]

Background

Jimmy Carter, born in Plains, Georgia, the 39th president of the United States at that time, served in the United States Navy and passed the United States Naval Academy. He then ran for the Georgia State Senate and was successful. In 1971, he participated and continued to win, elected Governor of Georgia. Carter's family history was once a traditional farmer.[4]

This article is part of
a series about
Jimmy Carter
76th Governor of Georgia
39th President of the United States
Policies
Appointments
Tenure
Presidential campaigns
Post-presidency

Jimmy Carter's signature

Seal of the President of the United States
Birch Bayh and Joe Biden's letter support Jimmy Carter's 1976 presidential campaign

Carter participated in his first presidential campaign on December 12, 1974, he participated in the 1976 Democratic Party presidential primaries, he defeated all his opponents with 1,130 delegates, he was then nominated in the 1980 Democratic National Convention, during his 1976 campaign, he challenged then-president Gerald Ford over the Vietnam War and the economy as well as the quality of people's lives at that time.[5]

Carter debated with Ford three times from September 23 – October 22, 1976, after the debate, he then won the U.S. presidential election on November 2, 1976 with 297 electoral votes and 50.1% popular votes, was one of the elections with the most disparate vote rates. He assumed the presidency on January 20, 1977 and served in the White House for four years before Ronald Reagan defeated him on November 4, 1980 and took office on January 20, 1981.

Nomination

1980 Democratic primaries

Main article: 1980 Democratic Party presidential primaries
See also: Ted Kennedy 1980 presidential campaign

In the Democratic presidential primaries, Carter faced a viable candidate, Senator Ted Kennedy. Kennedy addressed the crisis in Iran, rising oil prices and economic stagnation. He also spoke about the low approval ratings of the Carter administration towards the end of its term.[6] In response, Carter said that if Kennedy ran against him in primary election, he would "kick his ass".[7] In the Massachusetts primary, Carter lost to Kennedy with 34 delegates compared to Kennedy's 78 delegates, this was a setback for Carter and he became the most recent president to lose a state primary until President Joe Biden lost to Jason Palmer in American Samoa,[8] although he still won most of the states and only missed 12 states and Washington D.C..

After the Democratic primaries ended, Carter received a total of 1,984 delegates and 51.1% popular votes compared to Kennedy with about 1,237 delegates and 37.6% popular votes, this was one of the rare times that a sitting president won. lose the most delegates to others, as well as the number of popular votes, because Carter's approval numbers at the end of his term remained very low.[9]

1980 Democratic National Convention

Main articles: 1980 Democratic National Convention and 1980 Democratic Party vice presidential candidate selection

After winning the Democratic primaries, Carter was re-nominated at the Democratic National Convention in New York City, where he again chose Walter Mondale as his vice presidential running mate.[10]

Main competitor

Main articles: 1980 Republican Party presidential primaries, 1980 Republican National Convention, and 1980 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection
See also: Ronald Reagan 1980 presidential campaign

Ronald Reagan, a member of the Republican Party as well as former Governor of California and an actor, announced his 1980 presidential campaign on November 13, 1979, after which he participated in the presidential primaries of the Republican Party and won 1,407 delegates, he then chose George H. W. Bush as vice president at the 1980 Republican National Convention, where he won the nomination to face Carter in the 1980 general election.[11] Reagan frequently criticized Carter for the crisis in Iran, economic stagnation, rising inflation, and falling approval ratings. Carter criticized Reagan's age and his indiscretions, saying " he lacks the connection with his home California voter base to oppose him", Carter also added that Reagan "is a warmonger and cannot be trusted with his nuclear arsenal".[12][13] Carter attempted to deny Reagan's campaign $29.4 million (equivalent to $108,718,255 in 2023) in campaign funds, dependent on conservative groups that raised $60 million to help he was elected—an amount exceeding the campaign fund limit. Carter's effort was later rejected by the Federal Election Commission.[12]

Election day

In the 1980 presidential election, Carter lost to Reagan when Reagan received 489 electoral votes and 50.8% popular votes while Carter only received 49 electoral votes and 41.0% popular votes, Reagan carried 44 states and Carter carried 6 states with Washington D.C., this is one of the elections where the presidential candidate defeated the incumbent president in a landslide, Carter only kept Georgia, Minnesota, Washington D.C., Rhode Island, West Virginia and Hawaii for him.[14]

1980 U.S. presidential election, red represents Reagan winning that state, blue represents Carter winning that state/district.
Carter and Reagan debating on October 28, 1980 in Cleveland, Ohio.

Before the election, both Carter and Reagan debated in Cleveland, Ohio on October 28, 1980, where the two talked about military, economics, inflation, politics, and the hostage crisis in Iran, Reagan later famously said during the debate which "Are you better off than you were four years ago?" to refer to inflation and Carter's economy compared to four years ago when it was worse.[15]

Results:

Electoral results
Presidential candidate Party Home state Popular vote Electoral
vote 		Running mate
Count Percentage Vice-presidential candidate Home state Electoral vote
Ronald Reagan Republican California 43,903,230 50.75% 489 George H. W. Bush Texas 489
Jimmy Carter (incumbent) Democratic Georgia 35,480,115 41.01% 49 Walter Mondale (incumbent) Minnesota 49
John B. Anderson Independent Illinois 5,719,850 6.61% 0 Patrick Lucey Wisconsin 0
Ed Clark Libertarian California 921,128 1.06% 0 David Koch Kansas 0
Barry Commoner Citizens Missouri 233,052 0.27% 0 LaDonna Harris Oklahoma 0
Gus Hall Communist New York  44,933 0.05% 0 Angela Davis California  0
John Rarick American Independent Louisiana  40,906 0.05% 0 Eileen Shearer California  0
Clifton DeBerry Socialist Workers California  38,738 0.04% 0 Matilde Zimmermann New York  0
Ellen McCormack Right to Life New York  32,320 0.04% 0 Carroll Driscoll New Jersey  0
Maureen Smith Peace and Freedom California  18,116 0.02% 0 Elizabeth Cervantes Barron California  0
Other 77,290 0.09% — Other —
Total 86,509,678 100% 538 538
Needed to win 270 270

Source – Official 1980 Presidential Election Results

Aftermath

After Carter's 1980 campaign failed, he became involved in many national and international public policy, conflict resolution, human rights, and philanthropic activities through the Carter Foundation. Carter was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2002 for his post-presidential work in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts.[16]

Carter and Reagan both lived post-presidecy for more than 10 years. Reagan died in 2004 due to his worsening Alzheimer's disease, Carter attended his funeral.[17]

Carter is the oldest former president at age 99.[18]

References

  1. ^ "1977–1981: The Presidency of Jimmy Carter". Archived from the original on 2024-03-30. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  2. ^ Shogan, Colleen (2004-11-24). "Reagan's 1980 Campaign" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-01-14. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  3. ^ "PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE OF 1980 | Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve University". case.edu. 2018-06-18. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  4. ^ "Jimmy Carter". The Carter Center. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  5. ^ Krukones, Michael G. (1985). "The Campaign Promises of Jimmy Carter: Accomplishments and Failures". Presidential Studies Quarterly. 15 (1): 136–144. ISSN 0360-4918. JSTOR 27550171.
  6. ^ Davies, Dave (2019-01-17). "How Ted Kennedy's '80 Challenge To President Carter 'Broke The Democratic Party'". NPR. Archived from the original on 2024-03-14. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  7. ^ "Press: Whip His What?". Time. 1979-06-25. ISSN 0040-781X. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  8. ^ Reporter, James Bickerton US News (2024-03-06). "Joe Biden is first incumbent president to lose a primary in 44 years". Newsweek. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  9. ^ Perry, Tim (2016-05-23). "Political Playback: A look back at the 1980 Democratic Convention – CBS News". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  10. ^ "Article clipped from Hawaii Tribune-Herald". Hawaii Tribune-Herald. 1980-08-10. p. 2. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  11. ^ "Ronald Reagan: Campaigns and Elections | Miller Center". millercenter.org. 2016-10-04. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  12. ^ a b "The Michigan Daily – Google News Archive Search". news.google.com. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  13. ^ "Carter Says Reagan Injects Racism". Washington Post. 2023-12-23. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved 2024-04-24.
  14. ^ "THE ELECTION OF 1980" (PDF). Retrieved 2024-04-23.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  15. ^ "Are You Better Off Than You Were 4 Years Ago?". www.hks.harvard.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  16. ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2002". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  17. ^ Bumiller, Elisabeth; Becker, Elizabeth (2004-06-08). "THE 40TH PRESIDENT: THE PLANS; Down to the Last Detail, a Reagan-Style Funeral". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
  18. ^ "Weekend-long Celebration Marks President Carter's 99th Birthday | National Archives". www.archives.gov. Retrieved 2024-04-23.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jimmy_Carter_1980_presidential_campaign&oldid=1220813729"