List of massacres in Vietnam: Difference between revisions
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m v2.05b - Bot T13 CW#549 - Fix errors for CW project (Split link) |
Deleted "purges" which has no citation, nor link to supposed purges. Changed land reform section to be in line with associated article and a researcher. Deleted re-education camps, it might include massacres, but alone is a penal system. Deleted Nhan Van–Giai Pham affair as I can't find any evidence it was a massacre. Changed Huế to be in accord with Eng and Viet articles. Changed highway 1 to be inline with article. Deleted boat people as it wasn't a massacre. Reminder: atrocity =/= massacre. Tags: Reverted Visual edit |
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| [[French Armed Forces]] |
| [[French Armed Forces]] |
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|The Campaign of Purges (Elimination of all other patriotic parties in [[Vietnam]]) |
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|March 1946[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]<nowiki/>now |
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|[[North Vietnam]] (1946-1975) |
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[[Vietnam]] (1975[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]<nowiki/>now) |
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|1,234,562 killed ([[Commission for Information and Education]]) |
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|[[Ho Chi Minh]] |
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[[Communist Party of Vietnam]] |
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| Quảng Nam massacre<ref name="Cục-Văn-thư-và-Lưu-trữ-Quảng-Nam-1948">{{cite web|url= https://luutru.gov.vn/cong-bo-gioi-thieu-tai-lieu/vu-tham-sat-400-dong-bao-vo-toi-quang-nam-nam-1948.htm|title= Vụ thảm sát 400 đồng bào vô tội Quảng Nam năm 1948. - Tài liệu liên quan đến vụ thảm sát này còn được lưu trữ trong phông Phủ thủ hiến Trung Việt tại Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV.|date=31 May 2023|accessdate=3 July 2023|author= Nguyễn Thanh (Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV)|publisher= Cục Văn thư và Lưu trữ nhà nước (State Records And Archives Management Department Of VietNam)|language=Vietnamese}}</ref> |
| Quảng Nam massacre<ref name="Cục-Văn-thư-và-Lưu-trữ-Quảng-Nam-1948">{{cite web|url= https://luutru.gov.vn/cong-bo-gioi-thieu-tai-lieu/vu-tham-sat-400-dong-bao-vo-toi-quang-nam-nam-1948.htm|title= Vụ thảm sát 400 đồng bào vô tội Quảng Nam năm 1948. - Tài liệu liên quan đến vụ thảm sát này còn được lưu trữ trong phông Phủ thủ hiến Trung Việt tại Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV.|date=31 May 2023|accessdate=3 July 2023|author= Nguyễn Thanh (Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV)|publisher= Cục Văn thư và Lưu trữ nhà nước (State Records And Archives Management Department Of VietNam)|language=Vietnamese}}</ref> |
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| [[Viet Minh]] |
| [[Viet Minh]] |
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|[[Land reform in North Vietnam]] |
|Executions in [[Land reform in North Vietnam]] |
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|1953–1956 |
|1953–1956 |
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|[[North Vietnam]] |
|[[North Vietnam]] |
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|According to Edwin E. Moïse: probably on the rough order of 10,000<ref>{{Cite web |title=Land Reform in China and North Vietnam |url=https://edmoise.sites.clemson.edu/landbook.html |access-date=2024-04-18 |website=edmoise.sites.clemson.edu}}</ref> and almost certainly between 3,000 and 15,000<ref>{{Cite book |last=Moïse |first=Edwin E. |title=Land reform in China and North Vietnam: consolidating the revolution at the village level |date=1983 |publisher=University of North Carolina Press |isbn=978-0-8078-1547-2 |location=Chapel Hill |pages=222}}</ref> |
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|172,008 (although the [[Ho Chi Minh]] government found a misimprisonment rate of over 70%, and later corrected it under the direction of the [[Soviet Union]], but only Party members were disciplined, and then the mistakenly imprisoned landlords were still killed) |
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|[[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Ho Chi Minh]] |
|[[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Ho Chi Minh]] |
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|[[Re-education camp (Vietnam)|Re-education camp]] |
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|1954[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]<nowiki/>now |
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|[[North Vietnam]] (1954[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]1975) |
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[[Vietnam]] (1975[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]<nowiki/>now) |
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|165,784 killed (2023 data from [[Commission for Information and Education]]) |
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|Ho Chi Minh (1954[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]1969) |
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[[Communist Party of Vietnam]] (now) |
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| [[Châu Đốc massacre]] |
| [[Châu Đốc massacre]] |
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| Anti-government insurgents |
| Anti-government insurgents |
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|[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|Nhan Van–Giai Pham affair]] |
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|1950s(–1990s, although it ended in the late 1950s, this was still carried out quietly with the aim of eliminating other ideological systems) |
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|North Vietnam (1950s) |
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Vietnam (after 1975-1990s) |
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|12,387[[Commission for Information and Education|(Commission for Information and Education Vietnam)]] |
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|[[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Ho Chi Minh]] |
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| [[Huế Phật Đản shootings]] |
| [[Huế Phật Đản shootings]] |
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| January 31, 1968 to February 28, 1968 |
| January 31, 1968 to February 28, 1968 |
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| [[Huế]] |
| [[Huế]] |
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| 2,800-6000, |
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| 5467 killed |
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300-710 (revisionist claims) |
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| [[Viet Cong]] and [[North Vietnamese Army]] |
| [[Viet Cong]] and [[North Vietnamese Army]] (original massacre) |
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[[U.S. Army]] and [[Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces]] (disputed "revenge squads" after original massacre and/or bombings: Vietnam government/revisionist claims) |
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| [[Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre]] |
| [[Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre]] |
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28/9, 1972 |
28/9, 1972 |
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| [[National Route 1 (Vietnam)|Highway 1]], between [[Quảng Trị]] and [[Huế]], South Vietnam |
| [[National Route 1 (Vietnam)|Highway 1]], between [[Quảng Trị]] and [[Huế]], South Vietnam |
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| 2000~ killed |
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| [[People's Army of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Communist Party of Vietnam|Communist Party Of Vietnam]] |
| [[People's Army of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Communist Party of Vietnam|Communist Party Of Vietnam]] |
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| Le Duc Tan |
| Le Duc Tan |
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|[[Vietnamese boat people|Boat People in Vietnam]] |
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|April 30 1975[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]1990s |
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March 2000[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]2001 |
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|[[Vietnam]] |
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Sea ([[South China Sea]]) |
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|1,067,004+ killed at sea (but only 200,000[[Nhân Văn–Giai Phẩm affair|–]]400,000 people were found or their bodies were identified) |
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|[[People's Army of Vietnam]] under orders from [[Communist Party of Vietnam|Communist Party Of Vietnam]] |
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[[Piracy]] |
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| Tân Lập massacre<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vtc.vn/chuyen-kinh-hoang-chua-biet-ve-toi-ac-diet-chung-cua-pol-pot-o-tay-ninh-ar222068.html|title=Chuyện kinh hoàng chưa biết về tội ác diệt chủng của Pol Pot ở Tây Ninh|date=10 September 2015|access-date=17 January 2024|website=vtc.vn|language=Vietnamese}}</ref> |
| Tân Lập massacre<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://vtc.vn/chuyen-kinh-hoang-chua-biet-ve-toi-ac-diet-chung-cua-pol-pot-o-tay-ninh-ar222068.html|title=Chuyện kinh hoàng chưa biết về tội ác diệt chủng của Pol Pot ở Tây Ninh|date=10 September 2015|access-date=17 January 2024|website=vtc.vn|language=Vietnamese}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 07:00, 18 April 2024
 | You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Vietnamese. (January 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (July 2023) |
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The following is a list of massacres that have occurred in Vietnam and its predecessors:
| Name | Date | Location | Deaths | Perpetrator |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Siege of Vijaya during the Champa–Đại Việt War (1471) | 1471 | Modern day An Nhơn, Bình Định province | 60,000 killed during the war, 40,000 city dwellers were executed in the aftermaths according to the Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư | Đại Việt army under king Lê Thánh Tông |
| 1509 Massacre against Chams | 1509 | Hanoi | All Cham slaves and fugitives in the capital of Hanoi were murdered[1] | King Lê Uy Mục of the Lê dynasty of Đại Việt |
| 1782 Saigon massacre | 1782 | District 5, Ho Chi Minh City | 4,000–20,000 Chinese civilians | Vietnamese Tây Sơn force under Nguyễn Nhạc |
| 1885 Thừa Thiên masscare[2][3] | May 23, 1885 | Thừa Thiên, French Indochina | 1,200 | French Armed Forces |
| Haiphong incident[4] | November 23, 1946 | Haiphong, French Indochina | 6,000 | French Armed Forces |
| Mỹ Trạch massacre | November 29, 1947 | Mỹ Trạch village, Mỹ Thủy commune, Lệ Thủy District, Quảng Bình Province | 300+ | French Armed Forces |
| Quảng Nam massacre[5] | 12 June 1948 | Hà Thanh village (Điện Bàn district) and Giảng Đông village (Hòa Vang district), Quảng Nam province | 400+ (mainly women, children, and elderly people) | French Foreign Legion |
| Vũng Tàu | July 21, 1952 | Vũng Tàu | 20 killed | Viet Minh |
| Executions in Land reform in North Vietnam | 1953–1956 | North Vietnam | According to Edwin E. Moïse: probably on the rough order of 10,000[6] and almost certainly between 3,000 and 15,000[7] | Democratic Republic of Vietnam under orders from Ho Chi Minh |
| Châu Đốc massacre | July 11, 1957 | Châu Đốc in An Giang Province, South Vietnam | 17 | Anti-government insurgents |
| Huế Phật Đản shootings | May 8, 1963 | Huế, South Vietnam | 8 – 9 Buddhists | Army and security forces of the government of Ngo Dinh Diem |
| Xá Lợi Pagoda raids | August 21, 1963 | Many Buddhist temples across South Vietnam, most notably the Xá Lợi Pagoda in Saigon | Estimates range up to hundreds | Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces under orders from Ngô Đình Nhu |
| 1965 Embassy of the United States in Saigon bombing | March 30, 1965 | Saigon, South Vietnam | 22 kiled | Viet Cong |
| 1965 Saigon bombing | June 25, 1965 | Saigon River, Saigon, South Vietnam | 42 killed | Viet Cong |
| Thái Bình | February 1966 | Village Son My, region Binh Dinh, South Vietnam | 65 killed | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| Bình An/Tây Vinh massacre (disputed) | February 12, 1966 – March 17, 1966 | Tây Sơn District of Bình Định Province, South Vietnam | 1,004 | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| Binh Tai massacre (disputed) | October 9, 1966 | Binh Tai village, Phước Bình, Sông Bé Province, South Vietnam | 168 | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| Bình Hòa massacre (disputed) | December 3, 1966 to December 6, 1966 | Bình Hòa village, Quảng Ngãi Province, South Vietnam | 430 | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| Thuy Bo incident (disputed) | January 31, 1967 to February 1, 1967 | Thuy Bo, Điện Bàn District, Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam | 145 | United States Marine Corps |
| Đắk Sơn massacre | December 5, 1967 | Đắk Sơn, Phước Long Province, South Vietnam | 114–252 killed | Viet Cong |
| Massacre at Huế | January 31, 1968 to February 28, 1968 | Huế | 2,800-6000,
300-710 (revisionist claims) |
Viet Cong and North Vietnamese Army (original massacre)
U.S. Army and Army of the Republic of Vietnam Special Forces (disputed "revenge squads" after original massacre and/or bombings: Vietnam government/revisionist claims) |
| Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất massacre | February 12, 1968 | Phong Nhị and Phong Nhất hamlets, Điện Bàn District of Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam | 69–79 | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| Hà My massacre (disputed) | February 25, 1968 | Hà Mỹ village, Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam | 135 | Republic of Korea Armed Forces |
| My Lai Massacre | March 16, 1968 | Mỹ Lai and My Khê hamlets, Sơn Mỹ, Quảng Ngãi, South Vietnam | 504 | U.S. Army |
| Son Tra massacre (disputed) | June 28/9, 1968 | Sơn Trà, Bình Sơn District, Quảng Ngãi, South Vietnam | 88 | Viet Cong |
| Thanh Phong massacre (disputed) | February 25, 1969 | Thanh Phong village of Bến Tre Province, South Vietnam | 21 | U.S. Navy |
| Son Thang massacre | February 19, 1970 | Son Thang, South Vietnam | 16 | U.S. Marine Corps |
| Thạnh Mỹ massacre (disputed) | June 11, 1970 | Thạnh Mỹ Village, Quế Sơn District, Quảng Nam Province, South Vietnam | 78 | Viet Cong |
| Đức Dục
massacre (disputed) |
March 29, 1971 | Đức Dục District, Quảng Nam Province,
South Vietnam |
103 | Viet Cong and People's Army of Vietnam |
| Shelling of | April 24 &
28/9, 1972 |
Highway 1, between Quảng Trị and Huế, South Vietnam | 2000~ killed | People's Army of Vietnam under orders from Communist Party Of Vietnam |
| Cathay Pacific Flight 700Z Bombing | June 15, 1972 | Pleiku, South Vietnam | 81 | unknown |
| Shelling of Cai Lay schoolyard | August 30, 1973 | Cai Lậy District, Định Tường province | 32 | Viet Cong |
| Invasion of Paracel Islands | January 19, 1974 | Paracel Islands, South Vietnam | 75 death, 16 wouded, 48 captured | People's Liberation Army Navy |
| Air Vietnam Flight 706 hijacking | September 15, 1974 | Phan Rang Air Base, Phan Rang, South Vietnam | 75 | Le Duc Tan |
| Tân Lập massacre[9] | September 24, 1977 | Tân Lập commune, Tân Biên district, Tây Ninh province | 592 | Khmer Rouge Forces |
| Ba Chúc massacre | April 18, 1978 | Ba Chúc, Tri Tôn, An Giang province | 3,157 | Khmer Rouge Forces |
| Tong Chup massacre | March 9, 1979 | Tong Chup village, Hung Dao commune, Cao Bằng | 504+ | People's Liberation Army of China |
| Krông Pắk stabbing [vi] | 8 August 1998 | Krông Pắk district, Đắk Lắk province | 12 | Dương Văn Môn |
| 2020 Đồng Tâm raid[10][11] | January 9, 2020 | Đồng Tâm, Mỹ Đức district, Hanoi | 4 | Hanoi Mobile Police under orders from Ministry of Public Security
Đồng Tâm villagers |
| 2023 Đắk Lắk attacks | June 11, 2023 | Ea Tiêu and Ea Ktur police station, Cư Kuin district, Đắk Lắk province | 9 (4 police officers, 2 officials, and 3 civilians) | Đêga state |
References
- ^ Kiernan, Ben (2019). Việt Nam: a history from earliest time to the present. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-1900-5379-6.
- ^ "Huế remembers those killed in 1885 French massacre". Việt Nam News. 10 July 2018. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
- ^ Tuấn, Nguyễn (13 July 2023). "Thừa Thiên Huế: Hàng ngàn người trang nghiêm cúng tế sự kiện "thất thủ kinh đô"". congthuong.vn (in Vietnamese). Retrieved 1 February 2024.
- ^ Chi Hsu, Chia (23 November 2021). "Massacre of 1946 is a severe illustration of empire". southeastasiaglobe.com. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ Nguyễn Thanh (Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV) (31 May 2023). "Vụ thảm sát 400 đồng bào vô tội Quảng Nam năm 1948. - Tài liệu liên quan đến vụ thảm sát này còn được lưu trữ trong phông Phủ thủ hiến Trung Việt tại Trung tâm Lưu trữ quốc gia IV" (in Vietnamese). Cục Văn thư và Lưu trữ nhà nước (State Records And Archives Management Department Of VietNam). Retrieved 3 July 2023.
- ^ "Land Reform in China and North Vietnam". edmoise.sites.clemson.edu. Retrieved 2024-04-18.
- ^ Moïse, Edwin E. (1983). Land reform in China and North Vietnam: consolidating the revolution at the village level. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 222. ISBN 978-0-8078-1547-2.
- ^ "3 con giáp tình duyên cực kỳ rực rỡ, ngoạn mục thoát "kiếp FA" tháng 3 âm lịch". kienthuc.net.vn (in Vietnamese). 25 March 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
- ^ "Chuyện kinh hoàng chưa biết về tội ác diệt chủng của Pol Pot ở Tây Ninh". vtc.vn (in Vietnamese). 10 September 2015. Retrieved 17 January 2024.
- ^ "At Vietnam's 'Dong Tam Massacre', activists claim government attacked its own citizens - South China Morning Post". South China Morning Post. 15 January 2020. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
- ^ "Four years after the "Dong Tam Massacre": To Lam's crimes against humanity still not punished – Thời báo". thoibao.de. 27 January 2024. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
