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'{{Infobox Italian comune | name = San Marzano di San Giuseppe | official_name = Comune di San Marzano di San Giuseppe | native_name = Shën Marcani | image_skyline = San_Marzano_di_San_Giuseppe.jpg | imagesize = | image_alt = | image_caption = | image_shield = San Marzano di San Giuseppe-Stemma.png | shield_alt = | shield_size = px | image_map = | map_alt = | map_caption = | pushpin_label_position = left | pushpin_map_alt = | coordinates = {{coord|40|27|N|17|30|E|region:IT_type:city|display=inline,title}} | coordinates_footnotes = | region = [[Apulia]] | province = [[Province of Taranto|Taranto]] (TA) | frazioni = | mayor_party = | mayor = Francesco Leo | area_footnotes = | area_total_km2 = 19 | population_footnotes = <ref>Population data from [[Istituto Nazionale di Statistica|ISTAT]]</ref> | population_total = 9294 | population_as_of = 31 August 2015 | pop_density_footnotes = | population_demonym = Sanmarzanesi | elevation_footnotes = | elevation_m = 134 | twin1 = | twin1_country = | saint = [[St. Joseph]] | day = March 19 | postal_code = 74020 | area_code = 099 | website = {{official website|http://www.comunesanmarzano.ta.it/}} | footnotes = }} '''San Marzano di San Giuseppe''' ({{lang-aae|Shën Marcani}}) is a town and ''[[comune]]'' in the [[Province of Taranto]], in the [[Italy|Italian]] region of [[Apulia]]. Alongside [[Casalvecchio di Puglia]] and [[Chieuti]], it is one of the [[Arbëreshë people|Arbëreshë]] communities still existing in Apulia. The economy is largely based on the cultivation of olive trees and vine. ==History== ===From the Neolithic to the Ancient Times=== The territory around San Marzano was already inhabited in the Neolithic (5th millennium BC), as confirmed by numerous finds. Near the Sanctuary of the Madonna delle Grazie, there are caves excavated as tombs, dating back to the late Bronze Age (1300-800 BC) and then reused in the early Middle Ages (500-1050) as underground dwellings. <ref>San Marzano di San Giuseppe - Un'isola culturale in Tera di Puglia. p. 47</ref> In the Contrada Neviera (the area near the sanctuary) the remains of a massive wall were discovered which may have been the border line between the Greek area (Chora Tarantina) and the indigenous (Messapian) area of Oria. <ref>San Marzano di San Giuseppe - Un'isola culturale in Tera di Puglia. p. 49</ref> In the Roman period (8th century BC-7th century AD), the territory of San Marzano was located on the border with Oria Messapica and was under the jurisdiction of the territory of Taranto. In the area of the Masseria Casa Rossa there was a "Pagus" (village). Furthermore, numerous archaeological finds existed in Contrada Pezza Padula, such as coins and the remains of a countryside villa, perhaps belonging to a patrician. <ref>San Marzano di San Giuseppe - Un'isola culturale in Tera di Puglia. p. 51</ref> Occasional findings of tombs from the [[early medieval period]] with funerary furnishings as well as some Byzantine coins are preserved in the National Archaeological Museum of Taranto. <ref>{{cita web |url=http://www.salento.com/i-comuni/san-marzano-di-san-giuseppe |titolo=Il comune di San Marzano di San Giuseppe |accesso=8 febbraio 2019 |dataarchivio=9 febbraio 2019 |urlarchivio=https://web.archive.org/web/20190209123909/http://www.salento.com/i-comuni/san-marzano-di-san-giuseppe |urlmorto=sì }}</ref> ===San Marzano in the Middle Ages=== It is known that the San Marzano di San Giuseppe area was inhabited during the Middle Ages. Due to the continuous incursions of the Saracens, which lasted from the 8th century until around the year 1000, the inhabitants retreated to the nearby scattered caves and communities in the hinterland, where they could live more peacefully. <ref name=":52">Casali Albanesi nel Tarentino, p. 52</ref> In the centuries before the arrival of the Albanians, there is almost no information on the feudal succession of San Marzano. <ref>Cenni storici, p. 5</ref> In 1465, the fiefdom, together with the Principality of Taranto, was incorporated into the [[Kingdom of Naples]] by Joanna of Aragon, widow of Ferdinand I and heir to the Principality <ref name=":52" /><ref name=":103">{{cita web|url= https://books.google.de/books?id=M3w9AQAAMAAJ&hl=it&pg=RA3-PA103#v=onepage&q&f=false |titolo=Casali Albanesi nel Tarentino |editore=Italo-Orientale |città=Roma |anno=1912 |accesso=12 marzo 2019}}</ref> and partially assigned in small fiefdoms to families of proven Aragonese faith.<ref>Francesco Occhinegro, pp. 4-19</ref> ===Demetrio Capuzzimati and the Albanian Settlement=== Towards the end of the 15th century and the beginning of the 16th century, many hamlets in Taranto Albania, destroyed by the soldiers of Giorgio Castriota Scanderbeg during the revolt of the local barons (1459-1462), were rebuilt and settled by the soldiers themselves. <ref name="arbitalia">{{cita web|url=http://www.arbitalia.it/katundet/sanmarzano/sanmarzano.storia.htm|titolo=San Marzano di San Giuseppe |accesso=7 febbraio 2019}}</ref> At the beginning of the 16th century, the fiefdom of San Marzano belonged to Stefano di Mayra di Nardò, Lord of the hamlet of Sava. In 1504, Mayra sold the uninhabited fiefdom to Francesco Antoglietta, 8th baron of Fragagnano.<ref>Scipione Ammirato, p. 64</ref> By 1508, some Corfiot and [[Epirote]] families from the nearby village of Fragagnano had settled in the lower part of San Marzano. <ref>San Marzano di San Giuseppe, comunità Arbëresh, p. 5</ref> In 1530, San Marzano was bought by Demetrio Capuzzimati. In 1536, Capuzzimati also acquired in emphyteusis from the clergy of Taranto the adjacent fiefdom "de li Riezzi" (Rizzi), <ref name=":52" /> <ref>Pietro Dalena, p. 60 ></ref> where the medieval Castrum Carrellum was located. <ref name="storia">{{cita web|url=http://www.prolocomarciana.it/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=89:cenni-storici-su-san-marzano&Itemid=178 |titolo=Cenni storici su San Marzano |accesso=8 febbraio 2019}}</ref> For this concession Capuzzimati would have had to pay the Taranto clergy 50 ducats in silver pugs annually. <ref>San Marzano di San Giuseppe - Un'isola culturale in Tera di Puglia. p. 66</ref> The merger of the two fiefdoms created the current San Marzano. In that period, the territory was populated by numerous Epirote families who, in addition to their language of origin, brought with them their, customs, cultural practices and faith to their new homeland. <ref name="arbitalia"/> Capuzzimati immediately began the construction of the feudal palace. ==References== {{reflist}} <br> {{Province of Taranto}} {{Arbëreshë settlements}} {{authority control}} {{DEFAULTSORT:San Marzano Di San Giuseppe}} [[Category:Arbëresh settlements]] [[Category:Cities and towns in Apulia]] [[Category:Localities of Salento]] {{Puglia-geo-stub}}'