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'{{Short description|Business laptops and tablets series by Lenovo}} {{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}} {{Infobox computer | name = ThinkPad | logo = ThinkPad Logo.svg | photo = Lenovo ThinkPad X1 Ultrabook (Nov 16, 2012).png | caption = ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 1 (2012) | developer = {{Unbulleted list | [[IBM]] (1992–2005) | [[LG]]/[[IBM]] (1996–2004,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.cnet.com/news/ibm-lg-winding-down-joint-venture/|title=IBM, LG winding down joint venture|publisher=CNET|access-date=25 November 2018|archive-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423171310/https://www.cnet.com/news/ibm-lg-winding-down-joint-venture/|url-status=live |date=31 August 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.notegear.com/content/Content_View.asp?TNum=121&kind=2|title=싱크이노베이션 – LG-IBM THINKPAD X40|language=ko|publisher=notegear.com|access-date=25 February 2019|archive-date=26 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190226172717/http://www.notegear.com/content/Content_View.asp?TNum=121&kind=2|url-status=live}}</ref> only for [[South Korea]] branding) | [[Acer Inc.|Acer]] (1998–2002, i&nbsp;series) | [[Lenovo]] (2005–present) }} | manufacturer = IBM (1992-2005)<br/>Lenovo (2005-present) | type = [[Laptop computer|Laptop]] | os = [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]], [[Linux]]<ref>{{Cite press release |url=https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-launches-linux-ready-thinkpad-and-thinkstation-pcs-preinstalled-with-ubuntu/ |title=Lenovo Launches Linux-Ready ThinkPad and ThinkStation PCs Preinstalled with Ubuntu |access-date=14 December 2020 |archive-date=7 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201207024325/https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-launches-linux-ready-thinkpad-and-thinkstation-pcs-preinstalled-with-ubuntu/ |url-status=live |date=23 September 2020 |publisher=Lenovo}}</ref> | releasedate = {{Start date and age|1992|10}} | unitssold = 100 million+ (c. 2017)<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/best-thinkpads-of-all-time|title=25 Years of ThinkPad: The Best and Most Innovative|magazine=Laptop|date=5 October 2017|access-date=21 October 2017|archive-date=23 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423165808/https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/best-thinkpads-of-all-time|url-status=live |first=Avram |last=Piltch}}</ref> | cpu = [[AMD Accelerated Processing Unit|AMD APU]], [[AMD Ryzen]], [[Intel Core]], [[Intel Xeon]] | graphics = [[AMD Radeon]], [[Nvidia GeForce]], [[Nvidia Quadro]], [[Intel Graphics]] | marketing_target = [[Business]] purpose | website = [https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/c/laptops/thinkpad/ Lenovo ThinkPad: Business Laptops Designed for Performance {{!}} Lenovo US] | predecessor = {{Ubl|[[IBM PS/2 Note]]|[[IBM PS/55 Note]]}} | power = Up to 230 W | display = Size: Up to 17.3"<br/>Resolution: Up to 3840x2400 | platform = Think | related = [[ThinkBook]], [[ThinkCentre]], [[ThinkStation]] | camera = Up to 1080p resolution | soc = [[Qualcomm Snapdragon]] (X series only) | online service = [[Microsoft 365]], [[Adobe Acrobat]], [[Adobe Creative Cloud]] | storage = [[Hard disk drive]], [[Solid-state drive|solid state drive]] | memory card = [[USB]], [[smart card]], [[SD card]] (with external reader) | RAMtype = [[Synchronous Dynamic Random Access Memory|SDRAM]], [[DDR SDRAM|DDR]]<br/>[[LPDDR]] | memory = Up to 192 GB }} {{ThinkPad sidebar}} '''ThinkPad''' <!-- Use this capitalization throughout this article --> is a line of business-oriented [[laptop computers]] and [[tablet computers|tablets]], the early models of which were designed, developed and marketed by [[IBM|International Business Machines]] (IBM) starting in 1992. IBM sold its [[personal computer|PC]] business, including [[laptop]]s to [[Lenovo]] in 2005, and since 2007, all new ThinkPad models have been branded Lenovo instead.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-marks-decade-success-since-acquisition-ibms-pc-business/ |title=Lenovo Marks Decade of Success Since Acquisition of IBM's PC Business - Lenovo StoryHub |publisher=News.lenovo.com |date=2015-04-30 |accessdate=2022-03-16 |archive-date=28 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211128205542/https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-marks-decade-success-since-acquisition-ibms-pc-business/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Chinese manufacturer further developed the line, and is still selling new models in 2024. ThinkPads have a distinct black, boxy design, which originated in 1990 and is still used in some models.<ref name="rsapper-lenovo">{{cite video|date=2008-02-26|title=Richard Sapper and Lenovo ThinkPad X300|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FU5Q-r0SlKk|publisher=Lenovo Channel |via=YouTube |access-date=28 November 2016|archive-date=7 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707210554/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FU5Q-r0SlKk|url-status=live}}</ref> Most models also feature a red-colored [[trackpoint]] on the keyboard, which has become an iconic and distinctive design characteristic associated with the ThinkPad line. The ThinkPad line was first developed at the [[IBM Yamato Facility]] in Japan, and the first ThinkPads were released in October 1992. It has seen significant success in the business market. ThinkPad laptops have been used in [[outer space]] and for many years were the only laptops certified for use on the [[International Space Station]] (ISS).<ref>{{cite web |title=IBM ThinkPads in space |url=https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html |website=IBM Archives |publisher=IBM |date=23 January 2003 |access-date=1 April 2019 |archive-date=20 July 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720220124/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ThinkPads have also for several years been one of the preferred laptops used by the [[United Nations]].<ref name=":1">{{cite web |date=24 June 2019 |title=Provision of Laptops and accompanying accessories for UNON |url=https://www.un.org/Depts/ptd/sites/www.un.org.Depts.ptd/files/pdf/rfi219.pdf |publisher=United Nations Office at Nairobi |quote=The United Nations has currently standardized its requirement to Lenovo ThinkPad branded laptops that are used by approximately 2,500 staff. |access-date=27 September 2021 |archive-date=27 September 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210927193103/https://www.un.org/Depts/ptd/sites/www.un.org.Depts.ptd/files/pdf/rfi219.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> {{TOC limit|2}} BOBBIT TIRES!!! == History == The ThinkPad was developed to compete with [[Toshiba]] and [[Compaq]], who had created the first two portable notebooks, with an emphasis on sales to the Harvard Business School. The task of creating a notebook was given to the [[IBM Yamato Facility|Yamato Facility]] in Japan, headed by {{nihongo|Arimasa Naitoh|内藤在正|Naitō Arimasa|extra=Vice President of Lenovo's PC and Smart Devices business unit}},<ref>{{cite web |last1=Ohnesorge |first1=Lauren |title=Meet the 'father of the ThinkPad' laptop |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/news/2017/10/16/meet-the-father-of-the-thinkpad-laptop.html |website=Triangle Business Journal |date=16 October 2017 |access-date=22 November 2020 |archive-date=3 March 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303042315/https://www.bizjournals.com/triangle/news/2017/10/16/meet-the-father-of-the-thinkpad-laptop.html |url-status=live }}</ref> a Japanese engineer and product designer who had joined IBM in the 1970s, now known as the "Father of ThinkPad".<ref name=":2">{{cite web|title='Father of the ThinkPad', Arimasa Naitoh, on the notebook's past, present and future|url=https://www.arnnet.com.au/article/438468/_father_thinkpad_arimasa_naitoh_notebook_past_present_future|website=arnnet.com.au|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005050748/https://www.arnnet.com.au/article/438468/_father_thinkpad_arimasa_naitoh_notebook_past_present_future|url-status=live |first=Patrick |last=Budmar |date=8 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="auto1">{{cite web|last=Dignan|first=Larry|title=Lenovo's ThinkPad turns 25: Here are 25 facts to know|url=http://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovos-thinkpad-turns-25-here-are-25-facts-to-know/|website=ZDNET|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005130445/http://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovos-thinkpad-turns-25-here-are-25-facts-to-know/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=How the ThinkPad Changed the World—and Is Shaping the Future |isbn=9781510724990 |first1=Arimasa |last1=Naitoh |first2=William J. |last2=Holstein |date=13 June 2017 |publisher=Skyhorse Publishing}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Lenovo's ThinkPad doyen Arimasa Naitoh speaks about life, liberty and the T400s|url=https://www.engadget.com/2009/11/25/lenovos-thinkpad-doyen-arimasa-naitoh-speaks-about-life-libert/|website=Engadget |first=Vlad |last=Savov |date=25 November 2009 |access-date=4 October 2017|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005051047/https://www.engadget.com/2009/11/25/lenovos-thinkpad-doyen-arimasa-naitoh-speaks-about-life-libert/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:Original IBM ThinkPad.jpg|left|thumb|A 1980s-era IBM THINK notepad (above), which inspired the laptop name, and the notepad refill information (below)]] The name "ThinkPad" was a product of IBM's corporate history and culture. [[Thomas J. Watson]] Sr. first introduced [[Think (IBM)|"Think"]] as an IBM slogan in the 1920s. With every minicomputer and mainframe, IBM installed (almost all were leased – not sold), a blue plastic sign was placed atop the operator's console, with the text "Think" printed on an aluminum plate. For decades IBM had also distributed small notepads with the word "THINK" emblazoned on their cover to customers and employees.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.osnews.com/story/22274/The_History_of_the_ThinkPad_Name |title=The History of the ThinkPad Name |access-date=2 October 2009 |archive-date=3 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111103204604/http://www.osnews.com/story/22274/The_History_of_the_ThinkPad_Name |url-status=live |first=Thom |last=Holwerda |date=2 October 2009 }}</ref> The name "ThinkPad" was suggested by IBM employee Denny Wainwright, who had one such notepad in his pocket.<ref name="Hamm">{{cite book |last1=Hamm |first1=Steve |title=The race for perfect : inside the quest to design the ultimate portable computer |date=2009 |publisher=McGraw-Hill |location=New York |isbn=9780071606110}}</ref><ref name="lenovo">{{cite web|date=December 2001|title=IBM Highlights, 1990 -1995|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/documents/pdf/1990-1995.pdf|access-date=11 May 2008|publisher=[[International Business Machines|IBM]]|archive-date=16 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170516135616/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/documents/pdf/1990-1995.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> The name was opposed by the IBM corporate naming committee as all the names for IBM computers were numeric at that time, but "ThinkPad" was kept due to praise from journalists and the public.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Rose by any other Name |url=http://thinkpads.com/Genesis3.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922123604/http://thinkpads.com/Genesis3.htm |archive-date=22 September 2007}}</ref> ===Early models=== In April 1992, IBM announced the first ThinkPad models, the 300, 700 and 700C all released October 1992.<ref name="lenovo" /> The 700T released in 1993 was a tablet computer.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://techpp.com/2017/10/26/thinkpad-facts/|title=25 Years of the ThinkPad: 10 Facts Not too Many Know |website=TechPP|access-date=1 December 2020|archive-date=4 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201204204028/https://techpp.com/2017/10/26/thinkpad-facts/|url-status=live |first=Akriti |last=Rana |date=26 October 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite tweet|number=674237494758522880|user=LenovoNews|title=Born in '92, the original #ThinkPad 700T tablet was made of slate and users could write on it w a pen #GoodWeird<!-- full text of tweet that Twitter returned to the bot (excluding links) added by TweetCiteBot. This may be better truncated or may need expanding (TW limits responses to 140 characters) or case changes. --> |date=8 December 2015}}</ref> This machine was the first product produced under IBM's new "differentiated product personality" strategy, a collaboration between [[Richard Sapper]] and [[Tom Hardy (designer)|Tom Hardy]], head of the corporate IBM Design Program.<ref name="Sakakibara">Sakakibara, K., "IBM ThinkPad 700C Notebook Computer Case", ''Centre for Design Management – London Business School'', 1994.</ref><ref name="Hardy">{{cite journal|author=Hardy, Tom|year=1998|title=Design Saves The Brand|url=https://www.academia.edu/2703054|journal=Innovation|publisher=Academia.edu|access-date=1 November 2017|archive-date=8 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210908104902/https://www.academia.edu/2703054|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Dell">{{cite book |last1=Dell |first1=Deborah A. |last2=Purdy |first2=J. Gerry |title=ThinkPad: a different shade of blue |date=2000 |publisher=Sams |location=Indianapolis, Ind. |isbn=9780672317569}}</ref> Development of the 700C also involved a close working relationship between Sapper and Kazuhiko Yamazaki, lead notebook designer at IBM's Yamato Design Center in Japan and liaison between Sapper and Yamato engineering.<ref name="Sakakibara" /><ref name="Dell" /> This 1990–1992 "pre-Internet" collaboration between Italy and Japan was facilitated by a special Sony digital communications system that transmitted high-res images over telephone lines. This system was established in several key global Design Centers by Hardy so IBM designers could visually communicate more effectively and interact directly with Sapper for advice on their projects.<ref name="Sakakibara" /><ref name="Hardy" /><ref name="Dell" /> For his innovative design management leadership during ThinkPad development, Hardy was named "innovator of the Year 1992" by PC Magazine.<ref>{{cite web|title=25 Years of PC Magazine: Year Eleven/1992|url=https://www.pcmag.com/archive/25-years-of-pc-magazine-year-eleven-1992-206522 |date=2 May 2007 |work=PC Magazine|access-date=19 March 2023 |archive-date=4 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210604005704/https://www.pcmag.com/archive/25-years-of-pc-magazine-year-eleven-1992-206522 |url-status=live}}</ref> The first ThinkPad tablet, a [[PenPoint]]-based device formally known as the IBM ThinkPad 2521,<ref name="guardian-19920430">{{cite news |last1=Schofield |first1=Jack |title=Microfile |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101831847/microfile/ |access-date=14 May 2022 |work=The Guardian |date=30 April 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514120315/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101831847/microfile/ |archive-date=14 May 2022 |page=31 |url-status=live |via=Newspapers.com }}</ref> was positioned as a developer's release. The ThinkPad tablet became available for purchase by the general public, as the 700T, in October of the same year.<ref name="baltimore-19921006">{{cite news |title=IBM, Compaq, NCR unveil spate of new computers |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101832012/ibm-compaq-ncr-unveil-spate-of-new/ |access-date=14 May 2022 |work=The Baltimore Sun |agency=Reuters |date=6 October 1992 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514120944/https://www.newspapers.com/clip/101832012/ibm-compaq-ncr-unveil-spate-of-new/ |archive-date=14 May 2022 |url-status=live |via=Newspapers.com |page=21B }}</ref> IBM marketed the ThinkPad creatively, through methods such as early customer pilot programs, numerous pre-launch announcements, and an extensive loaner program designed to showcase the product's strengths and weaknesses, including loaning a machine to archaeologists excavating the ancient Egyptian city of [[Leontopolis]]. The resulting report documented the ThinkPad's excellent performance under difficult conditions; "The ThinkPad is an impressive machine, rugged enough to be used without special care in the worst conditions Egypt has to offer."<ref name="Hamm" /> The first ThinkPads were very successful, collecting more than 300+ awards for design and quality.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1992.html|title=IBM Archives: 1992|publisher=[[IBM]]|access-date=12 May 2008|date=23 January 2003|archive-date=1 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080501130921/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1992.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="auto2">{{cite news|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/5/3451206/thinkpad-turns-20-ibm-lenovo-retrospective|title=ThinkPad turns 20: how IBM's 'black box' defined the laptop industry |publisher=The Verge |date=5 October 2012|access-date=4 October 2017|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005051033/https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/5/3451206/thinkpad-turns-20-ibm-lenovo-retrospective|url-status=live |first=David |last=Pierce}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/23/business/notebooks-may-hold-key-to-ibm-s-revival.html|title=Notebooks May Hold Key to I.B.M.'s Revival|date=23 June 1993|website=The New York Times|access-date=5 October 2017|archive-date=5 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171005101622/http://www.nytimes.com/1993/06/23/business/notebooks-may-hold-key-to-ibm-s-revival.html|url-status=live |first=Steve |last=Lohr |id={{ProQuest|109048053}}}}</ref> ===Acquisition by Lenovo=== [[File:Yamato lab japan.jpg|thumb|IBM/Lenovo's Yamato Lab where the Think line of products is developed|left]]{{Main|Acquisition of the IBM PC business by Lenovo}} In 2005, Lenovo purchased the IBM personal computer business and the ThinkPad as a flagship brand along with it. Speaking about the purchase of IBM's personal computer division, Lenovo founder [[Liu Chuanzhi]] said, "We benefited in three ways from the IBM acquisition. We got the ThinkPad brand, IBM's more advanced PC manufacturing technology and the company's international resources, such as its global sales channels and operation teams. These three elements have shored up our sales revenue in the past several years."<ref name=Hamm/> Although Lenovo acquired the right to use the IBM brand name for five years after its acquisition of IBM's personal computer business, it was only used for three years. In 2012 Lenovo manufactured and markets Think-branded products while IBM was mostly responsible for overseeing servicing and repairs for them. At that time both IBM and Lenovo played a key role in the design of their "Think" branded products.<ref>{{cite web |title=IBM and Lenovo |url=https://www.ibm.com/ibm/us/en/pcannouncement/ |website=IBM Archives |date=8 October 2012 |access-date=30 August 2021 |archive-date=30 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830161211/https://www.ibm.com/ibm/us/en/pcannouncement/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Manufacturing=== The majority of ThinkPad computers since the 2005 acquisition of the brand by Lenovo have been made in Mexico, Slovakia, India and China. Lenovo also employs ~300 people at a combined manufacturing and distribution centre near its American headquarters. Each device made in this facility is labelled with a red-white-and-blue sticker proclaiming "[[Whitsett, North Carolina]]."<ref name="Ranii">{{cite news|last=Ranii|first=David|date=4 February 2015|title=After 100 million sold, Lenovo's ThinkPad laptop still going strong|newspaper=The News & Observer|url=http://www.newsobserver.com/news/technology/article10863791.html|access-date=10 March 2015|archive-date=11 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150311192422/http://www.newsobserver.com/news/technology/article10863791.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:IBM ThinkPad logo askew.svg|thumb|ThinkPad logo (2005-2007)]][[File:IBM ThinkPad logo askew badge.svg|thumb|ThinkPad logo (1992-2005)]][[File:Thinkpad logo comparison.jpg|thumb|The ThinkPad logo used by Lenovo since 2007 (left) and the original IBM ThinkPad logo (right)|alt=ThinkPad Logos|196x196px]] In 2012, Lenovo produced a short run of special edition anniversary ThinkPads in [[Yonezawa, Yamagata]], Japan, in partnership with NEC,<ref>{{cite news|title=Lenovo celebrates ThinkPad laptop 20th anniversary by producing special edition in Japan|newspaper=The Japan Daily Press|url=http://japandailypress.com/lenovo-celebrates-thinkpad-laptop-20th-anniversary-by-producing-special-edition-in-japan-0617929|access-date=14 April 2013|archive-date=4 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304230056/http://japandailypress.com/lenovo-celebrates-thinkpad-laptop-20th-anniversary-by-producing-special-edition-in-japan-0617929|url-status=dead |first=Adam |last=Westlake |date=6 November 2012}}</ref> as part of a larger goal to move to manufacture away from China and into Japan.<ref name="SOFT">{{cite news|first=Constantin |last=Murariu |date=5 July 2012|title=Lenovo Moves ThinkPad Production Back to Japan|newspaper=Softpedia|url=http://news.softpedia.com/news/Lenovo-Moves-ThinkPad-Production-Back-to-Japan-279443.shtml|access-date=12 July 2012|archive-date=9 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120709034726/http://news.softpedia.com/news/Lenovo-Moves-ThinkPad-Production-Back-to-Japan-279443.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2014, although sales rose 5.6 percent from the previous year, Lenovo lost its position as the top commercial notebook maker.<ref name="Ranii"/> However, the company celebrated a milestone in 2015 with the shipment of the 100 millionth unit of its ThinkPad line.<ref name="auto">{{cite news|last=Yin|first=Dave|date=13 February 2015|title=100 million later: A look back at ThinkPad |newspaper=Computer Dealer News|url=http://www.computerdealernews.com/news/100-million-later-a-look-back-at-thinkpad/39923|access-date=15 February 2015|archive-date=28 September 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170928084628/http://www.computerdealernews.com/news/100-million-later-a-look-back-at-thinkpad/39923|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2017, Lenovo launched a ThinkPad model to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the ThinkPad brand.<ref>{{Cite web |last=updated |first=Cale Hunt last |date=2017-10-16 |title=Lenovo ThinkPad 25 review: An anniversary gift for nostalgic ThinkPad lovers |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/lenovo-thinkpad-25 |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Windows Central |language=en}}</ref> It is based on the T470<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ngo |first=Allen |date=2017-10-05 |title=Lenovo ThinkPad 25 Anniversary Edition Laptop Review |url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenovo-ThinkPad-25-Anniversary-Edition-Laptop-Review.253454.0.html |access-date=2024-01-07 |website=Notebookcheck |language=en}}</ref> and uses the similar keyboard to the 700C. In 2022, Lenovo launched the ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 10 Special Edition to celebrate the 30th anniversary of the ThinkPad brand.<ref>{{Cite web |author1=Daniel Rubino |date=2022-11-02 |title=This ThinkPad X1 Carbon '30th Anniversary Edition' is for diehard Lenovo fans |url=https://www.windowscentral.com/hardware/laptops/this-thinkpad-x1-carbon-30th-anniversary-edition-is-for-diehard-lenovo-fans |access-date=2023-12-31 |website=Windows Central |language=en}}</ref> == Design == [[File:ThinkPad X220 closed, x201 on top.jpg|left|thumb|A ThinkPad's characteristic boxy black exterior (X201 on top of an X220)]] [[File:ThinkPad T20.jpg|thumb|A typical IBM design example (2000's [[ThinkPad T20]])]] The appearance of the ThinkPad has remained very similar throughout the entire lifetime of the brand. Almost all models are solid black inside and out, with a boxy case design. Some newer Lenovo models incorporate more curved lines. Many ThinkPads utilize magnesium, [[carbon fiber]] reinforced plastic, or [[titanium]] in their chassis. The industrial design concept was created in 1990 by Italy-based designer [[Richard Sapper]], a corporate design consultant of IBM and, since 2005, Lenovo.<ref name="Sakakibara" /><ref name="Golden">{{cite web |first=Peter |last=Golden |date=1 January 1999|title=Big Blue's big adventure|url=http://www.edn.com/electronics-news/4357642/Big-Blue-s-big-adventure|publisher=EDN Network|access-date=22 July 2013|archive-date=3 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403033315/http://www.edn.com/electronics-news/4357642/Big-Blue-s-big-adventure|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hardy" /><ref name="Webb2002">{{cite book |last1=Webb |first1=Michael |editor1-last=Bartolucci |editor1-first=Marisa |editor2-first=Raul |editor2-last=Cabra |title=Richard Sapper |date=2002 |publisher=Chronicle Books |location=San Francisco |isbn=9780811832823}}</ref><ref name="Hamm2008">{{cite news |last1=Hamm |first1=Steve |title=Richard Sapper: Fifty Years at the Drawing Board |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-01-09/richard-sapper-fifty-years-at-the-drawing-board |access-date=20 March 2023 |work=Bloomberg.com |date=10 January 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171006062411/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-01-09/richard-sapper-fifty-years-at-the-drawing-board |archive-date=6 October 2017 |language=en |url-access=subscription |url-status=live}}</ref> The design was based on the concept of a traditional Japanese ''[[bento]]'' lunchbox, which revealed its nature only after being opened.<ref name="Hamm" /><ref name="Sakakibara" /><ref name="Hardy" /> According to later interviews with Sapper, he also characterized the simple ThinkPad form to be as elementary as a simple, black cigar box and with similar proportions, with the same observation that it offers a 'surprise' when opened.<ref name="Webb2002" /><ref name="rsapper-lenovo" /> Since 1992, the ThinkPad design has been regularly updated, developed and refined over the years by Sapper<ref name="Webb2002" /><ref>{{cite web|title=Richard Sapper Industrial Designer|url=http://www.ncsu.edu/about-nc-state/university-leadership/board-of-trustees/honorary-degrees/degrees-conferred/sapper.html|publisher=North Carolina State University|access-date=24 July 2013|archive-date=17 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217221537/http://www.ncsu.edu/about-nc-state/university-leadership/board-of-trustees/honorary-degrees/degrees-conferred/sapper.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and the respective teams at IBM and later Lenovo. On the occasion of the 20th anniversary of ThinkPad's introduction, David Hill authored and designed a commemorative book about ThinkPad design titled ''ThinkPad Design: Spirit & Essence''. [[File:Thinkvantage (4544169139).jpg|thumb|This ThinkPad compact keyboard features a wired device, blue ThinkVantage button and Enter key, TrackPoint pointer and has no touchpad.]] == Features and technologies == Several unique features have appeared in the ThinkPad line, like drive protection, a pointing stick or [[Trusted Platform Module]] chips. While few features remain unique to the series, several laptop technologies originated on ThinkPads:<ref name="Hamm" /> ===Current=== * '''Lenovo Vantage''' {{Main|ThinkVantage Technologies}} Earlier known as "IBM Access", later "ThinkVantage", the Lenovo Vantage is a suite of computer management applications. This software can give additional support for system management (backup, encrypting, system drivers installation and upgrade, system monitoring and others). Currently, some old features have been replaced by internal Windows 10 features. *'''TPM chips''' IBM was the first company that supported a [[Trusted Platform Module]] (TPM).<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Vendor_ID_Registry_0-8_clean.pdf | title = TCG Vendor ID Registry | date = September 23, 2015 | access-date = October 27, 2016 | archive-date = 28 October 2016 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161028083456/https://www.trustedcomputinggroup.org/wp-content/uploads/Vendor_ID_Registry_0-8_clean.pdf | url-status = live }}</ref> Modern ThinkPads still have this feature. *'''ThinkShutter''' ''ThinkShutter'' is the branding of a [[webcam]] privacy shutter present in some ThinkPad [[laptop|notebook computers]]. It is a simple mechanical sliding cover that allows the user to obstruct the webcam's view.<ref>{{cite news| title=Lenovo's new laptops have clever built-in webcam covers so you can finally ditch the piece of tape| website=[[Business Insider]]| url=https://www.businessinsider.com/lenovo-thinkshutter-laptops-webcam-covers-2018-1| access-date=3 September 2020| archive-date=6 September 2020| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200906062849/https://www.businessinsider.com/lenovo-thinkshutter-laptops-webcam-covers-2018-1| url-status=live |first=Avery |last=Hartmans |date=4 January 2018 |url-access=registration }}</ref> Some add-on webcams and other laptop brands provide a similar feature. [[IdeaPad]] notebooks carry the TrueBlock branding for their privacy shutters.<ref>{{cite web | title = IdeaPad L340 Gaming Laptop | url=https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/p/laptops/ideapad/ideapad-300/lenovo-ideapad-l340-17iwl/88ipl301160 |quote="The IdeaPad L340’s HD webcam makes video chats and conference calls a breeze. It also has TrueBlock Privacy Shutter, a switch for you to physically close your webcam and help keep your personal life private."}}</ref> *'''Spill-resistant keyboards''' All ThinkPad models have a keyboard membrane and drain holes (L series, P series, E series, T series, X series, X1 series, and Z series models), and some have a solid rubber or plastic membrane (like L series, W series, X1 series and current T and X series), without draining holes. [[File:ThinkPad X1 Carbon Japanese Keyboard.jpg|thumb|Touchpad + TrackPoint combination; modern keyboard]] *'''UltraNav''' The first ThinkPad 700 was equipped with the signature [[TrackPoint]] red dot pointing stick invented by [[Ted Selker]]. By 2000 the [[trackpad]] pointer had become more popular for laptops due to innovations by [[Synaptics]] so IBM introduced UltraNav as a complementary combination of TrackPoint and TouchPad designed by Dave Sawin, Hiroaki Yasuda, Fusanobo Nakamura, and Mitsuo Horiuchi to please all users.<ref name="auto" /> *'''A [[roll cage]] frame''' and stainless steel hinges with 180° or 360° opening angle The "roll cage" is an internal frame, designed to minimize motherboard flex (current P series and T##p series) or magnesium composite case (all other hi-end models). The display modules lack magnesium frames, and some 2012-2016 models have a common issue with a cracked plastic lid. The 180° hinges are typical, the 360° hinges are a [[ThinkPad Yoga|Yoga line]] basic feature. *'''OLED screens''' Introduced in 2016 as a high-end display option for some models. *'''The Active Protection System''' [[Active hard-drive protection|Hard-drive protection]] for some ThinkPad models that still use the 2.5" drive bay; These systems use an [[accelerometer]] sensor to detect when a ThinkPad is falling and shut down the hard disk drive to prevent damage. *'''Biometric fingerprint reader''' and '''NFC [[smart card]] reader''' options The fingerprint reader was introduced as an option by IBM in 2004. ThinkPads were one of the first laptops to include this feature. *Internal '''[[WWAN]] modules''' and '''Wi-Fi 3x3 [[MIMO]]''' The [[Mobile broadband]] support is a common feature for most the actual ThinkPad models after 2006; the support of 3x3 MIMO is a common feature for most of high-end models. Some additional features (dock stations, UltraBay, accessories support) were listed in [[#Accessories|Accessories]] section. ===Past=== *'''ThinkLight''' External keyboard light, replaced by internal backlight; is an LED light located at the top of the LCD screen which illuminates the keyboard from above. *'''Power Bridge''' Only T, W and X series ThinkPads feature (for some 2013-2018 models) — internal secondary battery (as succession of secondary UltraBay battery) that support a hot-swapping of primary battery. [[File:IBM ThinkPad 701C keyboard.jpg|thumb|IBM ThinkPad 701 TrackWrite keyboard in mid fold (also known as the "Butterfly" keyboard)]] [[File:Lenovo-ThinkPad-Keyboard.JPG|thumb|ThinkPad 7-row keyboard, replaced with a newer 'island' design in 2012. For user convenience, buttons with the same functions are located both above and below the touchpad.]] *'''7-row Keyboards''' :'''Original IBM keyboard design (1992–2012)''' — The original keyboard offered in the ThinkPad line until 2012, when it was swapped out for the chiclet style keyboard now used today. ::'''IBM TrackWrite keyboard design''' — A unique keyboard designed by John Karidis introduced by IBM in 1995, used in the ThinkPad 701 series. When the machine is closed the keyboard is folded inwards, making the machine more compact. However when the machine is open and in use, it slides out, giving the user a normal sized keyboard. That keyboard, referred to as a [[IBM ThinkPad Butterfly keyboard|butterfly keyboard]], which is widely considered a design masterpiece and is in the permanent collection of the [[Museum of Modern Art]] in New York City.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eweek.com/c/a/Desktops-and-Notebooks/Lenovo-ThinkPad-Tablet-2-X1-Carbon-Debut-at-MoMA-Anniversary-Bash-211203/|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2, X1 Carbon Debut at MoMA Anniversary Bash – Desktops and Notebooks & Reviews – eWeek.com}}</ref><ref name="MoMA Collection">{{cite web|date=30 September 2010|title=MoMA The Collection: Richard Sapper, Sam Lucente, Robert Tennant and IBM Corporation, ThinkPad 701 Portable Computer, 1995|url=http://www.moma.org/collection/object.php?object_id=2168|publisher=The Museum of Modern Art|access-date=22 July 2013|archive-date=20 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130920032518/http://www.moma.org/collection/object.php?object_id=2168|url-status=live}}</ref> :The ThinkPad 760 series also included an unusual keyboard design; the keyboard was elevated by two arms riding on small rails on the side of the screen, tilting the keyboard to achieve a more ergonomic design. The keyboard design was replaced by the '''Chiclet style keyboard (2012-current)''' in 2012. The chiclet-style keyboard does not support the ThinkLight for illumination, instead using a keyboard backlight. Some ThinkPad models during the intermission period between the classic IBM design and the Lenovo chiclet design could be outfitted with both the backlit chiclet style keyboard and the ThinkLight. *'''FlexView [[Advanced Fringe Field Switching|advanced frindge field switching]] or [[Liquid-crystal display#In-plane switching (IPS)|in-plane switching]] screens''' The introduced in 2004 line of hi-end displays with wide view angles<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM ThinkPad T42 Review (pics, specs)|url=http://www.notebookreview.com/notebookreview/ibm-thinkpad-t42-review-pics-specs/|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Notebook Review |archive-date=19 May 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210519093922/http://www.notebookreview.com/notebookreview/ibm-thinkpad-t42-review-pics-specs/|url-status=dead |date=31 August 2004}}</ref> and optional high resolution (up to 15" 1600x1200<ref>{{cite web|last=Leitner|first=J. Simon|title=Review Lenovo / IBM Thinkpad T60p UXGA Notebook|url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Lenovo-IBM-Thinkpad-T60p-UXGA-Notebook.4404.0.html|access-date=2021-05-19|website=Notebookcheck|language=en|archive-date=27 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727022410/https://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Lenovo-IBM-Thinkpad-T60p-UXGA-Notebook.4404.0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> or (rarely) 2048x1536 pixels). Partially dropped in 2008 (after partial defunct of [[BOE Technology|BOE-Hydis]] display supplier), and reintroduced as ordinary IPS screen option in 2013. ===Batteries=== Some ThinkPad laptops (such as the X230, W530 and T430, all from 2012) block third-party batteries. Lenovo calls this feature "Battery Safeguard". It was first introduced on some models in May 2012. Laptops with this feature scan for security chips that only ThinkPad-branded batteries contain. Affected ThinkPads flash a message stating "Genuine Lenovo Battery Not Attached" when third-party batteries are used, and the battery will not charge.<ref>{{cite web|first=Sean |last=Hollister |date=16 March 2012|title=Lenovo laptops will reject third-party batteries, starting with ThinkPad Edge in May?|url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/3/16/2878633/lenovo-battery-safeguard-e430-e530-plus|work=The Verge|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-date=7 July 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180707093222/https://www.theverge.com/2012/3/16/2878633/lenovo-battery-safeguard-e430-e530-plus|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Benchoff |first=Brian |date=11 February 2016|title=Unlocking Thinkpad Batteries|url=https://hackaday.com/2016/02/11/unlocking-thinkpad-batteries/|access-date=16 October 2022|archive-date=16 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221016161458/https://hackaday.com/2016/02/11/unlocking-thinkpad-batteries/|url-status=live}}</ref> ==Operating systems== The ThinkPad has shipped with [[Microsoft Windows]] from its inception until present day. Alongside [[IBM PC DOS]], [[Windows 3.1x]] was the default operating system on the original ThinkPad 700. IBM and Microsoft's joint operating system, known as [[OS/2|Operating System/2]] (OS/2), although not as popular, was also made available as an option from the ThinkPad 700 in 1992, and was officially supported until the T43 in 2005. The [[IBM ThinkPad Power Series|ThinkPad Power series]] line, sold from 1994 through 1998, was available with [[IBM AIX|AIX]] and [[Oracle Solaris|Solaris]] operating systems. IBM took its first steps toward ThinkPads with an alternative operating system, when they quietly certified the 390 model for [[SUSE Linux]] in November 1998.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.suse.com/nbswebapp/yesBulletin.jsp?bulletinNumber=47948 |title=ThinkPad 390: YES Bulletin 47948 |publisher=SUSE |date=November 25, 1998 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=10 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110075440/https://www.suse.com/nbswebapp/yesBulletin.jsp?bulletinNumber=47948 |url-status=live }}</ref> The company released its first [[Linux|Linux-based]] unit with the ThinkPad A20m in July 2000. This model, along with the closely-released A21m, T21 and T22 models, came preinstalled with [[Caldera OpenLinux]].<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://ir.calderasystems.com/wc/form/P1?template=ir/CALD/view_article&Symbol=CALD&first=&ArticleID=SM-CALD-20000620 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010523180547/http://ir.calderasystems.com/wc/form/P1?template=ir/CALD/view_article&Symbol=CALD&first=&ArticleID=SM-CALD-20000620 |url-status=dead |archive-date=2001-05-23 |author=<!--Not stated--> |title=Caldera Announces OpenLinux eDesktop Pre-load On Select IBM ThinkPads |location=Orem, Utah |publisher=Caldera Systems, Inc. |date=June 20, 2000 |accessdate=November 9, 2021}}</ref> IBM shifted away from preinstalled Linux on the ThinkPad after 2002, but continued to support other distributions such as [[Red Hat Linux]], [[SUSE Linux Enterprise]], and [[Turbolinux]] by means of customer installations on A30, A30p, A31p models. This continued through the Lenovo transition with the T60p, until September 2007.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://ide-research.net/papers/04_8_ThinkPad%20A30%20Series%20Brochure.pdf |title=IBM ThinkPad A Series notebooks |publisher=IBM |date=October 2001 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=29 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211129125805/https://ide-research.net/papers/04_8_ThinkPad%20A30%20Series%20Brochure.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> The following year, ThinkPads began shipping with Linux again, when the R61 and T61 were released with SUSE Linux Enterprise as an option.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cnet.com/news/linux-available-on-thinkpad-t61-and-r61 |last=Ogg |first=Erica |title=Linux available on ThinkPad T61 and R61 |date=January 15, 2008 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=10 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110075737/https://www.cnet.com/news/linux-available-on-thinkpad-t61-and-r61/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This was shortlived, as Lenovo discontinued that practice in 2009. ThinkPad hardware continued to be certified for Linux. In 2020, Lenovo shifted into much heavier support of Linux when they announced the ThinkPad X1 Carbon Gen 8, the P1 Gen 2, and the P53 would come with [[Fedora Linux]] as an option.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovo-releases-first-fedora-linux-thinkpad-laptop |title=Lenovo releases first Fedora Linux ThinkPad laptop |last=Vaughan-Nichols |first=Stephen J. |publisher=ZDNet |date=September 3, 2020 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=10 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110111049/https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovo-releases-first-fedora-linux-thinkpad-laptop/ |url-status=live }}</ref> This was the first time that Fedora Linux was made available as a preinstalled option from a major hardware vendor. Following that, Lenovo then began making Ubuntu available as a preinstalled option across nearly thirty different notebook and desktop models,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovo-to-roll-out-ubuntu-linux-20-04-lts-across-nearly-30-thinkpads-thinkstations |title=Lenovo to roll out Ubuntu Linux 20.04 LTS across nearly 30 ThinkPads, ThinkStations |last=Vaughan-Nichols |first=Stephen J. |publisher=ZDNet |date=September 23, 2020 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=10 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110075439/https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovo-to-roll-out-ubuntu-linux-20-04-lts-across-nearly-30-thinkpads-thinkstations/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and Fedora Linux on all of its [[ThinkPad P series|P series]] lineup.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2020/06/03/lenovos-massive-ubuntu-and-red-hat-announcement-levels-up-linux-in-2020 |title=Lenovo's Massive Ubuntu And Red Hat Announcement Levels Up Linux In 2020 |last=Evangelho |first=Jason |work=Forbes |date=June 3, 2020 |accessdate=November 10, 2021 |archive-date=10 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211110111049/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2020/06/03/lenovos-massive-ubuntu-and-red-hat-announcement-levels-up-linux-in-2020/ |url-status=live }}</ref> A small number of ThinkPads, such as the C14, are preinstalled with Google's [[ChromeOS]], and are essentially ThinkPad-branded Chromebooks. On these devices, ChromeOS is the only officially supported operating system where installation of Windows and other operating systems requires putting the device into developer mode, as is the case with other Chromebooks.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}} ==Use in space== [[File:TORU docking system.jpg|thumb|ThinkPads in use aboard the [[International Space Station]], including 760, 770, and A21p models (2004)]] ThinkPads have been used heavily in space programs. NASA purchased more than 500 ThinkPad 750 laptops for flight qualification, software development, and crew training, and astronaut [[John Glenn]] used ThinkPad laptops on his spaceflight mission [[STS-95]] in 1998.<ref name="ibm.com">{{cite web|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html|title=IBM Archives: IBM ThinkPads in space|date=23 January 2003|access-date=1 January 2017|archive-date=23 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161223020438/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[File:ISS-38 EVA-1 Laptops.jpg|thumb|An array of ISS laptops in the US lab (2013)]] ThinkPad models used on Shuttle missions include:<ref name="ibm.com" /> * ThinkPad 750 (first use in December 1993 supporting the Hubble repair mission) * ThinkPad 750C * ThinkPad 755C * ThinkPad 760ED<ref name="nasa.gov">{{cite web|title=Shuttle-Mir History/Science/ISS Risk Mitigation/Test of Portable Computer System (TPCS) Hardware|url=http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/science/iss/sc-iss-tpcs.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20011116165904/http://spaceflight.nasa.gov/history/shuttle-mir/science/iss/sc-iss-tpcs.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=2001-11-16}}</ref> * ThinkPad 760XD (ISS Portable Computing System) * ThinkPad 770 * ThinkPad A31p (ISS Portable Computing System) * ThinkPad T61p * ThinkPad P52 {{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} * ThinkPad T490 {{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} * ThinkPad P15 {{Citation needed|date=July 2021}} The ThinkPad 750 flew aboard the [[Space Shuttle Endeavour]] during a mission to repair the [[Hubble Space Telescope]] on 2 December 1993, running a [[NASA]] test program which checked if radiation in the space environment caused memory anomalies or other unexpected problems.<ref>{{cite web|date=23 January 2003|title=IBM Archives: 1993|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1993.html|access-date=12 May 2008|website=ibm.com|publisher=[[IBM]]|archive-date=5 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605135253/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/history/year_1993.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ThinkPads were also used in conjunction with a joystick for the Portable In-Flight Landing Operations Trainer (PILOT).<ref>{{cite web|title=NASA – STS-125 Flight Day 11 Gallery|url=https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/multimedia/fd11/fd11_gallery.html|access-date=1 January 2017|archive-date=22 May 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170522132534/https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/multimedia/fd11/fd11_gallery.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ThinkPads have also been used on space stations. At least three ThinkPad 750C were left in the [[Spektr]] module of Mir when it depressurized,<ref name="ibm.com" /> and the 755C and 760ED were used as part of the [[Shuttle–Mir Program]], the 760ED without modifications.<ref name="nasa.gov" /> Additionally, for several decades ThinkPads were the only laptops certified for use on the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="ibm-space">{{cite web|date=2 December 1993|title=IBM ThinkPads in space|url=http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720220124/http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/space/space_thinkpad.html|archive-date=20 July 2011|access-date=12 May 2008|website=ibm.com|publisher=[[IBM]]}}</ref> ThinkPads used aboard the space shuttle and [[International Space Station]] feature safety and operational improvements for the environment they must operate in. Modifications include Velcro tape to attach to surfaces, upgrades to the CPU and video card cooling fans to accommodate for microgravity (in which warmer air does not rise) and lower density of the cabin air, and an adapter for the station's 28 volt DC power.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Cowing |first1=Keith |title=2001: A Space Laptop |url=https://spaceref.com/uncategorized/2001-a-space-laptop/ |access-date=20 March 2023 |work=SpaceRef |date=18 September 2000}}</ref> Throughout 2006, a ThinkPad A31p was being used in the Service Module Central Post of the International Space Station and seven ThinkPad A31p laptops were in service in orbit aboard the [[International Space Station]].<ref name="ibm-space" /> As of 2010, the Space Station was equipped with ThinkPad A31 computers and 32 ThinkPad T61p laptops.<ref name="issit">{{cite news|url=http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/22/first-tweet-from-space/|title=First Tweet From Space|publisher=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=22 January 2010|last=Bilton |first=Nick|date=22 January 2010|website=Bits |archive-date=10 July 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710101422/http://bits.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/01/22/first-tweet-from-space/|url-status=live}}</ref> All laptops aboard the ISS are connected to the station's LAN via [[Wi-Fi]] and are connected to the ground at 3 Mbit/s up and 10 Mbit/s down, comparable to home [[DSL]] connection speeds.<ref name="issit" /><ref>{{cite web|title=2011-06-07 Daily ISS Report|url=http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/somd/reports/iss_reports/2011/06072011.html|website=[[NASA]] |access-date=10 June 2011|archive-date=18 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150518094351/http://www.nasa.gov/directorates/somd/reports/iss_reports/2011/06072011.html|url-status=live}}</ref> Since a new contract with [[Hewlett-Packard|HP]] in 2016 provided a small number of modified [[ZBook]] laptops for ISS use, ThinkPads are no longer the only laptops flown on the ISS but are the predominant laptop present there.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www8.hp.com/us/en/campaigns/nasa.html|title=REINVENT NEW FRONTIERS|website=hp.com|access-date=2 September 2019|archive-date=2 September 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190902131647/https://www8.hp.com/us/en/campaigns/nasa.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> == Popularity == The brand has developed a [[cult following]] amongst computer enthusiasts since its inception.<ref>{{cite web|title=Change the Thinkpad and it will die|url=http://fortune.com/2013/01/08/change-the-thinkpad-and-it-will-die/|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029065424/http://fortune.com/2013/01/08/change-the-thinkpad-and-it-will-die/|url-status=live |last=Vella |first=Matt |url-access=subscription |date=8 January 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=ThinkPad Type-Off: Is Lenovo's New Island Keyboard Better or Worse?|date=26 July 2012|url=https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/thinkpad-type-off-is-lenovos-new-island-style-keyboard-better-or-worse|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029070059/https://www.laptopmag.com/articles/thinkpad-type-off-is-lenovos-new-island-style-keyboard-better-or-worse|url-status=live |first=Avram |last=Piltch}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=9 October 2017|title=Lenovo Thinkpad 25 Retro: not worth it.|url=https://www.rossmanngroup.com/lenovo-retro-thinkpad-piece-junk/|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029065718/https://www.rossmanngroup.com/lenovo-retro-thinkpad-piece-junk/|url-status=live |website=Rossman Repair Group}}</ref> There are large communities on the Internet dedicated to discussing the line, sharing photos and videos of their own ThinkPads, etc.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.reddit.com/r/thinkpad/ |title=ThinkPad |publisher=Reddit.com |date=2009-03-25 |accessdate=2022-03-16 |archive-date=16 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210416164725/https://www.reddit.com/r/thinkpad/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Older ThinkPad models remain popular among enthusiasts and collectors, who still see them as durable, highly usable machines despite their age and technology.<ref>{{cite web|title=Used ThinkPad Buyer's Guide|url=https://sites.google.com/bobble.tech/site/free-stuff/used-thinkpad-buyers-guide|access-date=2020-10-05|website=sites.google.com|language=en-US|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119194213/https://sites.google.com/bobble.tech/site/free-stuff/used-thinkpad-buyers-guide|url-status=live}}</ref> Aftermarket parts have been developed for some models, such as the X60 and X200, for which custom motherboards with more modern processors have been created.<ref>{{cite web|date=2018-07-31|title=Introducing 51nb's DIY Motherbord - The Nirvana of Classic ThinkPad|url=https://www.51nb.com/mb/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180731053658/https://www.51nb.com/mb/|archive-date=2018-07-31|access-date=2020-04-01}}</ref> In January 2015, Lenovo celebrated selling its one hundred millionth ThinkPad.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-unveils-latest-thinkpad-x1-carbon-to-celebrate-100-millionth-thinkpad/|title=Lenovo Unveils Latest ThinkPad X1 Carbon to Celebrate 100 Millionth ThinkPad|access-date=24 November 2021|archive-date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124222629/https://news.lenovo.com/pressroom/press-releases/lenovo-unveils-latest-thinkpad-x1-carbon-to-celebrate-100-millionth-thinkpad/|url-status=live |date=4 January 2015 |publisher=Lenovo |location=[[Las Vegas]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://channeldailynews.com/news/100-million-later-a-look-back-at-thinkpad/39923|title=100 million later: A look back at ThinkPad &#124; Channel Daily News|newspaper=Channel Daily News|date=13 February 2015|access-date=24 November 2021|archive-date=24 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124222624/https://channeldailynews.com/news/100-million-later-a-look-back-at-thinkpad/39923?amp=1|url-status=live |first=Dave |last=Yin}}</ref> ==Reviews and awards== ''Laptop Magazine'' in 2006 called the ThinkPad the highest-quality laptop [[computer keyboard]] available.<ref>{{cite web|author=Bsales, Jamie|year=2006|title=Lenovo ThinkPad T60: Light business notebook with performance to spare|url=http://laptopmag.com/Review/Lenovo-ThinkPad-T60.htm|access-date=3 June 2011|work=Laptop Magazine|archive-date=11 October 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081011224250/http://www.laptopmag.com/Review/Lenovo-ThinkPad-T60.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> It was ranked first in reliability and support in PC Magazine's 2007 Survey.<ref>{{cite web|date=13 September 2007|title=Is Tech Support Getting Worse? – Notebooks – Reviews by PC Magazine|url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2184107,00.asp|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC Magazine|archive-date=8 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108145520/https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,2817,2184107,00.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> The ThinkPad was the PC Magazine 2006 Reader's Choice for PC based laptops, and ranked number 1 in Support for PC based laptops.<ref>{{cite web|date=21 August 2006|title=Readers' Choice: Notebooks Survey |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2006499,00.asp|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC Magazine|archive-date=8 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090308080253/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2006499,00.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> The ThinkPad Series was the first product to receive PC World's Hall of Fame award.<ref>{{cite web|date=2 June 2004|title=Best of 2004|url=http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116015,pg,2,00.asp|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC World|archive-date=21 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080521163918/http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,116015,pg,2,00.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Enderle Group's [[Rob Enderle]] said that the constant thing about ThinkPad is that the "brand stands for quality" and that "they build the best keyboard in the business."<ref name="Ranii" /> The ThinkPad X Tablet series was PC Magazine Editor's Choice for tablet PCs.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lenovo ThinkPad X60 Tablet review|url=https://www.pcmag.com:80/article2/0,2817,2058441,00.asp|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081228055352/http://www.pcmag.com:80/article2/0,2817,2058441,00.asp|archive-date=28 December 2008|work=PC Magazine}}</ref> The {{convert|3.5|lb|kg|abbr=on|order=flip}} ThinkPad X60s was ranked number one in ultraportable laptops by PC World. It lasted 8 hours and 21 minutes on a single charge with its 8-cell battery.<ref>{{cite web|first=Dan |last=Sommer|date=2 May 2006|title=Lenovo ThinkPad X60s Review|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125610-page,1-c,notebooks/article.html|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC World|archive-date=15 April 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415040550/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125610-page,1-c,notebooks/article.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Lenovo ThinkPad X60s Series is on PC World's Top 100 Products of 2006.<ref>{{cite web|date=31 May 2006|title=The 100 Best Products of 2006|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,14-c,technology/article.html|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC World|archive-date=8 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080608033632/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,125706-page,14-c,technology/article.html|url-status=dead |first=Alan |last=Stafford}}</ref> The 2005 [[PC World (magazine)|PC World]] Reliability and Service survey ranked ThinkPad products ahead of all other brands for reliability.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bertolucci|first=Jeff|date=1 December 2005|title=Reliability and Service: The Best Companies to Buy From|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,123409-page,9/article.html|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC World|archive-date=4 June 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604211806/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,123409-page,9/article.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the 2004 survey, they were ranked second (behind [[eMachines]]).<ref>{{cite web|last=McLaughlin|first=Laurianne|date=1 December 2004|title=Reliability and Service: Readers Rate the Manufacturers|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,118514-page,5/article.html|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC World|archive-date=24 May 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080524084820/http://www.pcworld.com/article/id,118514-page,5/article.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lenovo was named the most environment-friendly company in the electronics industry by [[Greenpeace]] in 2007<ref>{{cite news|date=3 April 2007|title=Chinese company tops Greenpeace 'Green Ranking' of electronics industry |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/chinese-company-tops-greenpeac|access-date=22 April 2012|publisher=Greenpeace|archive-date=16 April 2010|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416045630/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/news/chinese-company-tops-greenpeac|url-status=dead |location=[[Amsterdam]]}}</ref> but has since dropped to place 14 of 17 as of October 2010.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/toxics/electronics/how-the-companies-line-up |title=How the companies line up |publisher=Greenpeace International |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070127021154/http://www.greenpeace.org/international/campaigns/toxics/electronics/how-the-companies-line-up|archive-date=27 January 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad T60p received the Editor's Choice award for Mobile Graphic Workstation from PC Magazine.<ref>{{cite web|date=23 February 2007|title=Lenovo ThinkPad T60p |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2098002,00.asp|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC Magazine|archive-date=5 January 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090105015821/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2098002,00.asp|url-status=dead}}</ref> Lenovo ThinkPad X60 is the PC Magazine Editor's Choice among ultra-portable laptops.<ref>{{cite web|date=7 February 2007|title=Lenovo ThinkPad X60 (Vista) |url=https://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2091476,00.asp|access-date=22 April 2012|work=PC Magazine|archive-date=18 March 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090318223721/http://www.pcmag.com/article2/0,1895,2091476,00.asp|url-status=dead |first=Cisco |last=Cheng}}</ref> The Lenovo ThinkPad T400 series was on PC World's Top 100 Products of 2009.<ref>{{cite web |date=26 October 2009|title=The PC World 100: Best Products of 2009|url=http://www.pcworld.com/article/174171-3/the_pc_world_100_best_products_of_2009.html|access-date=22 April 2012 |work=PC World |archive-date=7 May 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507143416/http://www.pcworld.com/article/174171-3/the_pc_world_100_best_products_of_2009.html |url-status=live}}</ref> ==Current model lines== {{col-begin}} {{col-break|width=75%}} {{Switcher |{{ThinkPad (Main Lineup)}} <!-- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:ThinkPad_(Main_Lineup) --> |Current global lineup |{{ThinkPad (Legacy Lineup)}} <!-- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:ThinkPad_(Legacy_Lineup) --> |Legacy and local market lineup }} {{col-end}} ===ThinkPad Yoga (2013–current)=== {{Main|ThinkPad Yoga}} [[File:ThinkPadYogaTent.jpg|thumb|A ThinkPad Yoga in tent mode]] The [[ThinkPad Yoga]] is an Ultrabook-class convertible device that functions as both a laptop and tablet computer. The Yoga gets its name from the consumer-oriented IdeaPad Yoga line of computers with the same form factor. The ThinkPad Yoga has a backlit keyboard that flattens when flipped into tablet mode. This was accomplished on 1st generation X1 Yoga with a platform surrounding the keys that rises until level with the keyboard buttons, a locking mechanism that prevents key presses, and feet that pop out to prevent the keyboard from directly resting on flat surfaces. On later X1 Yoga generations, the keys themselves retract in the chassis, so the computer rests on fixed small pads. Touchpad is disabled in this configuration. Lenovo implemented this design in response to complaints about its earlier Yoga 13 and 11 models being awkward to use in tablet mode. A reinforced hinge was required to implement this design. Other than its convertible form factor, the ThinkPad Yoga retains standard ThinkPad features such as a black magnesium-reinforced chassis, island keyboard, a red TrackPoint, and a large touchpad.<ref name="CNET">{{cite news |title=Hands-on with Lenovo's ThinkPad Yoga |first=Dan |last=Ackerman |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/lenovo-thinkpad-yoga-preview/ |publisher=CNET |date=5 September 2013 |access-date=4 October 2013 |archive-date=12 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130912042346/http://www.cnet.com/laptops/lenovo-thinkpad-yoga/4505-3121_7-35827163.html |url-status=live }}</ref> ===Tablets=== ====ThinkPad Tablet==== {{Main|ThinkPad Tablet}} [[File:Lenovo Thinkpad Tablet 3.JPG|thumb|upright|Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet]] Released in August 2011,<ref name="Engadget – Lenovo ThinkPad Launch">{{cite web|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet gets an August 23rd release|url=https://www.engadget.com/2011/07/29/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-gets-an-august-23rd-release/|access-date=11 November 2011|first=Joseph |last=Volpe |date=29 July 2011 |website=Engadget |archive-date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108044222/http://www.engadget.com/2011/07/29/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-gets-an-august-23rd-release|url-status=live}}</ref> the ThinkPad Tablet is the first in Lenovo's line of business-oriented Tablets with the ThinkPad brand. The tablet has been described by Gadget Mix as a premium business tablet.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet overview|url=http://gadgetmix.com/thinkpad/lenovo-thinkpad/|access-date=11 November 2011|first=Paul |last=Merak |date=20 July 2011|archive-date=2 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111102150637/http://gadgetmix.com/thinkpad/lenovo-thinkpad/|url-status=live}}</ref> Since the Tablet is primarily business-oriented, it includes features for security, such as anti-theft software, the ability to remotely disable the tablet, SD card encryption, layered data encryption, and [[Cisco]] Virtual Private Network (VPN).<ref name="PC World – ThinkPad Tablet Preview">{{cite web|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet preview: Lenovo brings its corporate-looking design to the tablet market|url=http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/review/broadband/lenovo/thinkpad_tablet/394478|access-date=11 November 2011|first=Ross |last=Catanzariti|date=21 July 2011|archive-date=7 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111107121358/http://www.pcworld.idg.com.au/review/broadband/lenovo/thinkpad_tablet/394478|url-status=dead}}</ref> Additionally, the ThinkPad Tablet is able to run software such as [[IBM]]'s [[Lotus Notes Traveler]].<ref name="PC World – Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet Announcement">{{cite web |title= Lenovo Announces ThinkPad Tablet for Businesses |url= https://www.computerworld.com/article/2739642/lenovo-announces-thinkpad-tablet-for-businesses.html |access-date= 19 March 2023 |first= Agam |last=Shah |date= 20 July 2011 |archive-date= 20 March 2023 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230320004923/https://www.computerworld.com/article/2739642/lenovo-announces-thinkpad-tablet-for-businesses.html |url-status= live }}</ref> The stylus could be used to write notes on the Tablet, which also included software to convert this handwritten content to text.<ref name="PC World – Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet Announcement"/> Another feature on the Tablet was a drag-and-drop utility designed to take advantage of the Tablet's touch capabilities.<ref name="PC World – Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet Announcement"/> This feature could be used to transfer data between USB devices, internal storage, or an SD card.<ref name="PC World – Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet Announcement"/> Slashgear summarized the ThinkPad Tablet by saying, "The stylus and the styling add up to a distinctive slate that doesn't merely attempt to ape Apple's iPad."<ref>{{cite web|title=Lenovo IdeaPad K1 and ThinkPad Tablet hands-on|url=http://www.slashgear.com/lenovo-ideapad-k1-and-thinkpad-tablet-hands-on-19166143/|access-date=11 November 2011|first=Vincent |last=Nguyen|date=19 July 2011|archive-date=8 November 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111108172816/http://www.slashgear.com/lenovo-ideapad-k1-and-thinkpad-tablet-hands-on-19166143/|url-status=live}}</ref> ====ThinkPad Tablet 2==== {{Main|ThinkPad Tablet 2}} [[File:ThinkPad Tablet 2.jpg|thumb|left|Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2]] In order to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the ThinkPad, Lenovo held a large party in New York where it announced several products, including the Tablet 2. Lenovo says that the ThinkPad Tablet 2 will be available on 28 October 2012 when [[Windows 8]] is released.<ref name="CNET1">{{cite news |title=Lenovo ThinkPad Tablet 2 |url=http://reviews.cnet.com/tablets/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-2/4505-3126_7-35411720.html |date=10 August 2012 |access-date=21 August 2012 |archive-date=21 August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120821144047/http://reviews.cnet.com/tablets/lenovo-thinkpad-tablet-2/4505-3126_7-35411720.html |url-status=live |first=Scott |last=Stein }}</ref> The ThinkPad Tablet 2 runs the [[Windows 8]] Pro operating system. It is able to run any desktop software compatible with this version of Windows.<ref name="CNET1"/><ref name="ARS">{{cite news |title=Lenovo unveils new Atom-powered ThinkPad Tablet 2 with Windows 8 |first=Andrew |last=Cunningham |url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2012/08/lenovo-unveils-new-atom-powered-thinkpad-tablet-2-with-windows-8/ |newspaper=Ars Technica |date=9 August 2012 |access-date=15 June 2017 |archive-date=8 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170708094338/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2012/08/lenovo-unveils-new-atom-powered-thinkpad-tablet-2-with-windows-8/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The Tablet 2 is based on the Clover Trail version of the [[Intel Atom]] processor that has been customized for tablets. The Tablet 2 has 2 gigabytes of RAM and a 64{{nbsp}}GB SSD. The Tablet 2 has a 10.1-inch IPS display with a 16:9 aspect ratio and a resolution of {{resx|1366|768}}. In a preview, [[CNET]] wrote, "Windows 8 looked readable and functional, both in Metro and standard Windows-based interfaces." A [[mini-HDMI]] port is included for video output. An 8-megapixel rear camera and a 2-megapixel front camera are included along with a noise-canceling microphone in order to facilitate video conferencing.<ref name="CNET1"/><ref name="ARS"/> ==== ThinkPad 8 <span class="anchor" id="THINKPAD8"></span>==== {{Main|ThinkPad 8}} Announced and released in January 2014, the [[ThinkPad 8]] is based on Intel's Bay Trail Atom Z3770 processor, with 2&nbsp;GB of RAM and up to 128&nbsp;GB of built-in storage. ThinkPad 8 has an 8.3-inch IPS display with a 16:10 aspect ratio and a resolution of {{resx|1920|1200}} pixels. Other features include an aluminum chassis, micro-HDMI port, 8-megapixel back camera (with flash), and optional 4G connectivity. It runs Windows 8.1 as an operating system.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.engadget.com/2014/01/05/lenovo-thinkpad-8/ |title=Lenovo intros the ThinkPad 8, an 8-inch Windows tablet for business users (hands-on) |date=5 January 2014 |access-date=7 January 2014 |work=Engadget |archive-date=7 January 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140107042635/http://www.engadget.com/2014/01/05/lenovo-thinkpad-8/ |url-status=live |first=Dana |last=Wollman }}</ref> ====ThinkPad 10==== {{Main|ThinkPad 10}} Announced in May 2014, Lenovo ThinkPad 10 is a 10" successor to the [[ThinkPad Tablet 2]] and was scheduled to launch in the summer of 2014 along with accessories such as a docking station and external detachable magnetic keyboards. It used Windows 8.1 Pro as its operating system. It was available in 64 and 128{{nbsp}}GB variants with 1.6{{nbsp}}GHz quad-core [[Intel Atom]] Baytrail processor and 2{{nbsp}}GB or 4{{nbsp}}GB of RAM. It optionally supported both 3G and 4G (LTE). Display resolution was announced to be {{resx|1920|1200}}, paired with a stylus pen.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnet.com/products/lenovo-thinkpad-10/|title=Lenovo ThinkPad 10 review |first=Dan |last=Ackerman |date=31 October 2014|publisher=CNET|access-date=11 June 2014|archive-date=11 June 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140611032732/http://www.cnet.com/products/lenovo-thinkpad-10/|url-status=live}}</ref> ====ThinkPad X1 Tablet==== The ThinkPad X1 Tablet is a fanless tablet powered by Core M CPUs. It is available with 4, 8 or 16{{nbsp}}GB of LPDDR3 RAM and SATA or a PCIe NVMe SSDs with up to 1{{nbsp}}TB. It has a {{resx|2160|1440}} IPS screen and supports touch and pen input.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Think%20Tablets%20_%20Convertibles/ThinkPad%20X1%20Tablet/ThinkPad%20X1%20Tablet%20specs.pdf|title=ThinkPad X1 Tablet specs.pdf|publisher=lenovo.com|access-date=21 May 2016|archive-date=1 June 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160601230138/http://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/Think%20Tablets%20_%20Convertibles/ThinkPad%20X1%20Tablet/ThinkPad%20X1%20Tablet%20specs.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref> ===E series (2011–current)=== [[File:Fotos produzidas pelo Senado (26033663483).jpg|thumb|Two E series ThinkPad's (E440)]] {{Main|ThinkPad E series}} The E series is a low-cost ThinkPad line, designed for small business mass-market requirements, and currently contains only a 14" and 16" sub-lines. The E series line of laptops replaced Lenovo's Edge series, but somewhere (in some countries) currently offered as both of "ThinkPad Edge/E series" names. The E series also lack metals like magnesium and carbon fibre in their construction which other members of the ThinkPad family enjoy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lenovo.com/ru/ru/laptops/thinkpad/edge-series/c/edge-series|title=Ноутбуки Thinkpad серии Edge|language=ru|date=28 May 2019|publisher=lenovo.com|access-date=28 May 2019|archive-date=28 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190528095242/https://www.lenovo.com/ru/ru/laptops/thinkpad/edge-series/c/edge-series|url-status=live}}</ref> ===L series (2010–current)=== {{Main|ThinkPad L series}} The L series replaced the former R series, and is positioned as a mid-range ThinkPad offering with mainstream Intel Core i3/i5/i7 CPUs. The L Series have 3 sub-lines, the long-running 14" and 15.6" (and as launched this line had two models, L412 and the L512 in 2010); and as of 2018 there is also a 13" L380 available, which replaces the ThinkPad 13. ===T series (2000–current)=== [[File:X31 T43 laptop.png|thumb|An [[ultraportable]] [[IBM]] X31 with an ThinkPad T43 notebook]] {{Main|ThinkPad T series}} The T series historically had high-end features, such as magnesium alloy roll-cages, high-density IPS screens known as FlexView (discontinued after the T60 series), 7-row keyboards, screen latches, the [[ThinkPad UltraBay|UltraBay]], and [[ThinkLight]]. Models included both 14.1-inch and 15.4-inch displays available in 4:3 and 16:10 aspect ratios. Since 2012, the entire ThinkPad line was given a complete overhaul, with modifications such as the removal of separate buttons for use with the TrackPoint (xx40 series – 2014, then reintroduced xx50 series – 2015), removal of separate audio control buttons, removal of screen latch, and the removal of LED indicator lights. Models starting from the xx40 series featured a Power Bridge battery system, which had a combination of a lower capacity built-in battery and a higher capacity external battery, enabling the user to switch the external without putting the computer into hibernation. However, beginning with the 2019 xx90 series models, the external battery was removed in favor of a single internal battery. Also, non-widescreen displays are no longer available, with 16:9 aspect ratio as the only remaining choice. The Tx20 series ThinkPads came in two editions: 15" (T520) or a 14" (T420). These are the last ThinkPads to use the classic 7-row keyboard, with the exception of the [[Lenovo ThinkPad 25th anniversary edition]] released on Oct. 5, 2017, which was based on the [[ThinkPad T series#T470|T470]].<ref>{{cite web |date=2018-04-01|title=The 25th-anniversary ThinkPad: Every laptop should add some retro appeal|url=https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2018/04/the-25th-anniversary-thinkpad-every-laptop-should-add-some-retro-appeal/|access-date=2022-01-24|website=Ars Technica|language=en-us|archive-date=23 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211123110627/https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2018/04/the-25th-anniversary-thinkpad-every-laptop-should-add-some-retro-appeal/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Dignan|first=Larry|title=Lenovo's ThinkPad turns 25: Here are 25 facts to mark the anniversary |date=5 October 2017 |url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovos-thinkpad-turns-25-here-are-25-facts-to-mark-the-anniversary/|access-date=2022-01-24|website=ZDNet|language=en|archive-date=22 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211122165316/https://www.zdnet.com/article/lenovos-thinkpad-turns-25-here-are-25-facts-to-mark-the-anniversary/|url-status=live}}</ref> Over time, The T series ThinkPad's purpose has changed. Initially, the T series ThinkPad was meant to have high-end business features and carry a 10–20% markup over the other ThinkPads. Starting with the T400, the ThinkPad T series became less of a high-end business laptop and became more suited as a mobile workstation, becoming similar to the W series or P series ThinkPads. Achieving similar performance to the W series, but with a 5–10% smaller profile than the W series ThinkPads. In 2013, the T440 introduced another major shift in The ThinkPad T series. The ThinkPad became more of an overall office machine than a mobile workstation. By today's standards, The ThinkPad T series is thicker than most of its competitors. {{Update|section|date=July 2021}} ===X series (2000–current)=== {{Main|ThinkPad X series|ThinkPad X1 series}} [[File:ThinkPad_X60_Series_with_Libreboot.jpg|thumb|Two X60 units (Tablet and slim non-Tablet versions) running [[Libreboot]]]] The X series is the main high-end ultraportable ThinkPad line, offering a lightweight, highly portable laptop with moderate performance. The current sub-lines for the X series includes: * 13" '''X13''' (mainstream); ** '''X13 Yoga''' (convertible sub-line), ** '''X1 Nano''' (small premium sub-line), * 14" '''X1 Carbon''' (premium sub-line), and ** '''X1 Yoga''' (premium convertible sub-line) The daughter line includes the '''X1 Tablet''' (not to be confused with the 2005-2013 X Series tablets). The mainstream current "workhorse" models is a X13 and X13 Yoga, the 13" successors of the classic discontinued 12" line of Lenovo X Series ThinkPads. The premium X1 thin-and-light line were the 13.3" ThinkPad models (the X300, X301, and X1) with [[ultrabay|Ultrabay Thin]] CD-ROM and removable battery, but are now replaced by the modern premium X1 series [[ultrabook]] line, such as the X1 Carbon, X1 Yoga, and X1 Nano sub series. [[File:ThinkPad X61t.jpg|thumb|IBM ThinkPad X61t, the classic "Tablet" laptop]] {{multiple images | image1 = ThinkPad x220 Tablet - Laptop Mode.jpg | width1 = 160 | image2 = ThinkPad x220 Tablet - Tablet Mode.jpg | footer = ThinkPad X220 Tablet in laptop and tablet mode }} Discontinued mainstream lines such as the 12" X200(s), X201(s), and X220 models could be ordered with all of the high-end ThinkPad features (like Trackpoint, ThinkLight, a 7-row keyboard, a docking port, hot-swappable [[Hard disk drive|HDD]], solid [[magnesium]] case and optional slice battery). The discontinued 12.5" X220 and X230 still featured a roll cage, a ThinkLight, and an optional premium IPS display (the first IPS display on a non-tablet ThinkPad since the T60p), but the 7-row keyboard was offered only with the X220. However, it lacked the lid latch mechanism which was present on the previous X200 and X201 versions. The discontinued slim 12" line contained only X200s and X201s with low power CPUs and high resolution displays, and X230s with low power CPUs. The 12.5" X series ThinkPads (such as X240 and later) had a more simplified design, and last 12" X280 model had only the Trackpoint feature, partially magnesium case and simplified docking port. The obsolete low-cost 11.6" ([[netbook]] line) X100e and X120e were are all plastic, lacking both the latch and the [[ThinkLight]], and using a variant of the island keyboard (known as [[chiclet keyboard]]) found on the Edge series. The X100e was also offered in red in addition to blue, and white in some countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.clonedinchina.com/2010/01/white-thinkpad-x100e-unboxed.html |title=White Thinkpad X100e unboxed |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008020601/http://www.clonedinchina.com/2010/01/white-thinkpad-x100e-unboxed.html |archive-date=8 October 2011 |url-status=dead |date= 6 January 2010 |work=Cloned in China }}</ref> Those were more like high-end netbooks, whereas the X200 series were more like full ultraportables, featuring Intel Core (previously Core 2 and Celeron) series CPUs rather than AMD netbook CPUs. The X Series with "tablet" suffixes is an outdated variant of the 12" X Series models, with low voltage CPUs and a flip-screen tablet [[resistive touchscreen]]. These include the traditional ThinkPad features, and have been noted for using a higher quality AFFS-type screen with better viewing angles compared to the screens used on other ThinkPads. ===P series (2015–current)=== {{Main|ThinkPad P series}} The P Series line of laptops replaced the W series and reintroduced 17.3" screens to the ThinkPad line. The P Series (excluding models with 's' suffix) is designed for engineers, architects, animators, etc. and comes with a variety of "high-end" options. All P series models come included with fingerprint readers. The P series includes features such as dedicated magnesium roll cages, more indicator LED lights, and high-resolution displays. === Z series (2022-present) === The Z series currently consists of two models: the 13-inch model, Z13, and the 16-inch model, Z16. It was introduced in January 2022 .<ref name=":3">{{cite web|title=ThinkPad Z SERIES Coming Spring 2022|url=https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/thinkpadz/?orgRef=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F|url-status=live|access-date=17 January 2022|archive-date=18 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220118182813/https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/thinkpadz/?orgRef=https%253A%252F%252Fwww.google.com%252F}}</ref> The series is marketed towards business customers, as well as a generally younger audience. ''[[The Verge]]'' wrote: "Lenovo is trying to make ThinkPads cool to the kids. The company has launched the ThinkPad Z series, a thin and light ThinkPad line with funky colors, eco-friendly packaging, and a distinctly modern look."<ref>{{cite web|last=Chin|first=Monica|date=January 4, 2022|title=Lenovo's ThinkPad Z-Series targets — you guessed it — Gen-Z|url=https://www.theverge.com/2022/1/4/22862528/lenovos-thinkpad-z-series-z13-z16-business-laptop|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117165427/https://www.theverge.com/2022/1/4/22862528/lenovos-thinkpad-z-series-z13-z16-business-laptop|archive-date=January 17, 2022|access-date=January 17, 2022|website=[[The Verge]]}}</ref> The series features a new metal sleek, contemporary, thin design, which differs greatly from other recent, more traditional-looking ThinkPad models. The Z13 model was introduced in three new colors—black, silver, and black vegan leather with bronze accents—while the Z16 is only available in one of them, silver.<ref>{{cite web|last=Woods|first=Rich|date=January 5, 2022|title=Hands on: The Lenovo ThinkPad Z series is what a ThinkPad should be|url=https://www.xda-developers.com/lenovo-thinkpad-z13-z16-hands-on/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220117172233/https://www.xda-developers.com/lenovo-thinkpad-z13-z16-hands-on/|archive-date=January 17, 2022|access-date=January 17, 2022|website=[[XDA Developers]]}}</ref> The laptops are equipped with [[AMD]] Ryzen PRO processors. Other notable features include [[1080p]] webcams, [[OLED]] displays, new, redesigned touchpads, spill resistant keyboards, [[Dolby Atmos]] speaker systems, and [[Windows 11]] with Windows Hello support.<ref name=":3"/> ==Historical models== === ThinkPad 130 === {{Empty section|date=January 2024}} ===ThinkPad 235=== The Japan-only ThinkPad 235 (or Type 2607) was the progeny of the IBM/Ricoh RIOS project. Also known as Clavius or Chandra2,<ref>{{cite web|author=Jack |date=28 November 2020 |title=IBM ThinkPad 235/Hitachi Flora/Chandra|url=http://laptop.pics/chandra/|access-date=2021-06-29|language=en-US|archive-date=19 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319233042/http://laptop.pics/chandra/|url-status=live}}</ref> it contains unusual features like the presence of three [[Personal Computer Memory Card International Association|PCMCIA]] slots and the use of dual camcorder batteries as a source of power. Features an [[Intel]] [[Pentium MMX]] 233&nbsp;MHz CPU, support for up to 160&nbsp;MB of EDO memory, and a built-in {{convert|2.5|in|mm|abbr=on}} hard drive with UDMA support. [[Hitachi]] marketed Chandra2 as the Prius Note 210. ===ThinkPad 240=== {{Main|IBM ThinkPad 240}} The ultraportable ThinkPad [[IBM ThinkPad 240|240]] (X, Z) started with an Intel [[Celeron]] processor and went up to the 600&nbsp;MHz Intel [[Pentium III]]. In models using the [[Intel 440BX]] chipset, the RAM was expandable to 320&nbsp;MB max with a BIOS update. Models had a {{convert|10.4|in|mm|abbr=on}} screen and an {{convert|18|mm|in|abbr=on}} key pitch (a standard key pitch is {{convert|19|mm|in|abbr=on}}). They were also one of the first ThinkPad series to contain a built-in [[Mini PCI]] card slot (form factor 3b). The 240s have no optical disc drives and an external floppy drive. An optional extended battery sticks out the bottom like a bar and props up the back of the laptop. Weighing in at {{convert|2.9|lb|kg|abbr=on}}, these were the smallest and lightest ThinkPads ever made. {{Anchor|S300}} ===300 series=== The 300 series ([[IBM ThinkPad 300|300]], [[IBM ThinkPad 310|310]], 340, 345, [[IBM ThinkPad 350|350]], [[IBM ThinkPad 360|360]], [[IBM ThinkPad 365|365]], 370, [[IBM ThinkPad 380|380]], 385, 390 <small>(all with various sub series)</small>) was a long-running value series starting at the 386SL/25 processor, all the way to the Pentium III 450. The 300 series was offered as a slightly lower-price alternative from the 700 series,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/ThinkPad_series#ThinkPad_300_series|title=ThinkPad series|access-date=5 November 2015|archive-date=5 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151105034010/http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/ThinkPad_series#ThinkPad_300_series|url-status=live}}</ref> with a few exceptions. The ThinkPad 360P and 360PE was a low-end version of ThinkPad 750P,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pc.ibm.com/us/thinkpad/anniversary/history.html |title=Lenovo – The history of ThinkPad |publisher=IBM |date=3 February 2006 |access-date=17 December 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070429123812/http://www.pc.ibm.com/us/thinkpad/anniversary/history.html |archive-date=29 April 2007}}</ref> and was unique model in the 300 series in that it could be used as a regular laptop, or transform into a tablet by flipping the monitor on top of itself. Retailing for $3,699 in 1995, the 360PE featured a touch sensitive monitor that operated with the stylus; the machine could run operating systems that supported the touch screen such as PenDOS 2.2.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://pencomputing.com/old_pcm_website/PCM_6/review_thinkpad_360pe.html|title=Pen Computing historic reviews: IBM ThinkPad 360PE (1995)|access-date=5 November 2015|archive-date=21 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121180518/http://pencomputing.com/old_pcm_website/PCM_6/review_thinkpad_360pe.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The 300 series was succeeded by the A##m series <gallery perrow="5" widths="180" heights="140"> File:IBMThinkpads1.JPG|An IBM ThinkPad 310ED and a 760ED, both from the 1996–97 era. The 760ED boasts the unique flip-up keyboard that was standard on all 760 ThinkPads File:ThinkPad 360PE normal mode.jpg|The 360PE opened in its 'natural' mode File:ThinkPad 360PE mid fold.jpg|The 360PE in mid-fold showing how the monitor rotates over the unit File:ThinkPad 360PE tablet mode.jpg|The 360PE folded in its 'tablet' mode allowing the laptop to be held as a tablet would File:ThinkPad 360PE keyboard.jpg|The 360PE's keyboard opens up on hinges for easy serviceability File:IBM ThinkPad 390.jpg|An IBM ThinkPad 390 running Windows 98 SE File:IBM ThinkPad 390 Closed.jpg|An IBM ThinkPad 390 with the lid closed File:IBM ThinkPad 390 Lights.jpg|IBM ThinkPad 390 charging/standby indication lights File:Back of ThinkPad 390.jpg|Back view of an IBM ThinkPad 390, showing the PS/2 mouse, DB25f printer, DE9m serial, [[D-subminiature|DE15f]], VGA and charger ports File:IBM Thinkpad 365XD w External Floppy disk drive.jpg|IBM ThinkPad 365XD w/External Floppy Drive running Windows 95 </gallery> ===500 series=== The 500 series <small>([[IBM ThinkPad 500|500]], 510, [[IBM ThinkPad 560|560 (E, X, Z)]], [[IBM ThinkPad 570|570 (E)]])</small> were the main line of the ultraportable ThinkPads. Starting with the 486SLC2-50 to the Pentium III 500, these machines had only a hard disk on board. Any other drives were external (or in the 570's case in the UltraBase). They weighed in at around {{convert|4|lb|kg|abbr=on}}. The 500 series was succeeded by the X## series ===600 series=== {{Main|IBM ThinkPad 600}} The 600 series <small>(600, 600E, and 600X)</small> are thinner variants of the [[IBM ThinkPad 770|770]] series. The 600 series packed a {{convert|12.1|in|mm|abbr=on}} SVGA or a {{convert|13.3|in|mm|abbr=on}} XGA TFT LCD, Pentium MMX, Pentium II or III processor, full-sized keyboard, and optical bay into a package weighing roughly {{convert|5|lb|kg|abbr=on}}. IBM was able to create this light, fully featured machine by using lightweight but strong carbon fiber composite plastics. The battery shipped with some 600 series models had a manufacturing defect that left it vulnerable to [[memory effect]] and resulted in poor battery life, but this problem can be avoided by use of a third-party battery. The 700 series was succeeded by the T## series. ===700 series=== {{External media |float=right |image1=[https://www.si.edu/object/microcomputer-ibm-thinkpad:nmah_1347997 730T]}} The 700 series was a high-end ThinkPad line; The released models <small>(700T, 710T and 730T tablets; [[IBM ThinkPad 700|700]], [[IBM ThinkPad 701|701]], 720, 730, [[IBM ThinkPad 750|750]], 755, [[IBM ThinkPad 760|760]], [[IBM ThinkPad 760|765]], [[IBM ThinkPad 770|770]] laptops with various sub-models)</small> can be configured with the best screens, largest hard drives and fastest processors available in the ThinkPad range;<ref>{{cite web|title=IBM ThinkPad 700|url=https://www.rugged-portable.com/history-portable-computers-rugged-bias/ibm-thinkpad-700/|access-date=2021-01-08|website=Rugged Portable|language=en|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110064327/https://www.rugged-portable.com/history-portable-computers-rugged-bias/ibm-thinkpad-700/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Medley|first=Sam|title=THINK: A brief history of ThinkPads, from IBM to Lenovo|url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/THINK-A-brief-history-of-ThinkPads-from-IBM-to-Lenovo.418728.0.html |date=2 May 2019 |access-date=2021-01-08|website=Notebookcheck|language=en|archive-date=8 October 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211008114633/https://www.notebookcheck.net/THINK-A-brief-history-of-ThinkPads-from-IBM-to-Lenovo.418728.0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> some features can be found only on a 700 series models,<ref>{{cite web|last=Goldman|first=David|date=2015-01-08|title=5 iconic ThinkPad laptops|url=https://money.cnn.com/gallery/technology/2015/01/08/thinkpad-history/|access-date=2021-01-08|website=CNNMoney|archive-date=9 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210109120154/https://money.cnn.com/gallery/technology/2015/01/08/thinkpad-history/|url-status=live}}</ref> and was the first successful ThinkPad introduced in 1992 (that was a [[Tablet computer|tablet PC]] 700T model without a keyboard and a mouse).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://social.lenovo.com/en/blog/20-fun-facts-about-the-thinkpad|title=20 Fun Facts About The ThinkPad Laptop|website=Lenovo Blog|access-date=2019-08-07|archive-date=19 March 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230319233018/https://news.lenovo.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/thinkpad-25th-anniversary-list/|title=The weirdest, coolest, and most influential ThinkPads of the last 25 years |first=Jayce |last=Wagner |website=Digital Trends|date=5 October 2017|access-date=2019-08-07|archive-date=7 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190807125331/https://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/thinkpad-25th-anniversary-list/|url-status=live}}</ref> The 700 series was succeeded by the T## and A##p series. ===800 series=== {{Main|IBM ThinkPad 800 series}} The ThinkPad 800 series <small>(800/820/821/822/823/850/851/860)</small> were unique as they were based on the [[PowerPC]] architecture rather than the Intel [[x86]] architecture. Most of the 800 Series laptops used the [[PowerPC 603e]] CPU, at speeds of 100&nbsp;MHz, or 166&nbsp;MHz in the 860 model. The PowerPC ThinkPad line was considerably more expensive than the standard x86 ThinkPads — even a modestly configured 850 cost upwards of $12,000.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://tecnopolis.ca/aixtp/tphistory.html |last=Cordes |first=Trevor E. |title=IBM PowerPC ThinkPad History |date=24 July 2008 |access-date=1 June 2014 |website=tecnopolis.ca |archive-date=31 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141231234028/https://tecnopolis.ca/aixtp/tphistory.html |url-status=live }}</ref> All of the PowerPC ThinkPads could run [[Windows NT 3.51]] and [[Windows NT 4.0|4.0]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bxJIA8hscI | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110915222148/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3bxJIA8hscI| archive-date=2011-09-15 | url-status=dead|title=Windows NT on PowerPC ThinkPad |via=YouTube |date=8 January 2010 |access-date=28 September 2013}}</ref> [[AIX operating system|AIX]] 4.1.x, and [[Solaris (operating system)|Solaris]] Desktop 2.5.1 PowerPC Edition. ===WorkPad=== Based on ThinkPad design although branded WorkPad, the IBM WorkPad z50 was a [[Handheld PC]] running [[Windows CE]], released in 1999.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hpcfactor.com/reviews/hardware/ibm/workpad-z50/|title=IBM Workpad z50 Review|access-date=21 October 2020|archive-date=22 October 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022081044/https://www.hpcfactor.com/reviews/hardware/ibm/workpad-z50/|url-status=live |first=Chris |last=Tilley |date=3 March 2005}}</ref> The [[IBM WorkPad|WorkPad brand of products]], outside of the z50 model, was a line of [[personal digital assistant]]s(PDAs). ===i series (1998–2002)=== {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="min-width: 75%;" |- ! colspan="16" style="text-align:center;" | IBM ThinkPad i and S series 1998-2001 |- !Screen !1998 ! colspan="5" |1999 ! colspan="7" |2000 ! colspan="2" |2001 |- |15.0" ! rowspan="5" | ! colspan="5" | ! rowspan="3" | |i1492 |i1592 ! colspan="4" | ! colspan="2" rowspan="3" | |- | rowspan="3" |14.1" ! colspan="4" | |i1560 |i1483 ! colspan="5" rowspan="2" | |- ! rowspan="2" | |i1472 |i1721 ! |i1480 |i1482 |- |i1452 |i1552 |i1400 |i1460 ! colspan="2" | |i1562 ! colspan="4" | | colspan="2" |i1800<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=%2Fcommon%2Fssi%2Frep_ca%2F0%2F760%2FMBL01190%2Findex.html&lang=en&request_locale=ja|title=ThinkPad i Series 1800(2655-PAJ)の発表|date=2008-11-19|publisher=ibm.com|language=ja|access-date=2018-11-26|archive-date=27 November 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181127110213/https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/ShowDoc.wss?docURL=%2Fcommon%2Fssi%2Frep_ca%2F0%2F760%2FMBL01190%2Findex.html&lang=en&request_locale=ja|url-status=live}}</ref> |- | rowspan="2" |13.3" ! colspan="5" | ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" | |i1157 ! colspan="3" | ! colspan="2" rowspan="6" | |- |i1450 |i1451 ! |i1720 ! colspan="2" | |i1260 |i1370 |i1200 |i1300 |- |13.0" ! ! colspan="3" | | rowspan="2" |i1400 |i1420 |i1421 |i1422 ! |i1230 ! colspan="3" | |- | rowspan="2" |12.1" |i1410 |i1411 |i1412 |i1512 |i1540 |i1541 |i1442 |i1542 |i1210 |i1330 |i1200 |i1300 |- ! colspan="6" rowspan="3" | |i1620 ! colspan="2" | |i1250 ! colspan="3" | |- |12.0" |i1441 ! colspan="6" | |- |10.4" ! colspan="5" | |i1124 ! |S30 |S31 |} The ThinkPad i Series was introduced by IBM in 1998 and was geared towards a multimedia focus with many models featuring independent integrated CD players and multimedia access buttons.<ref>{{cite press release|url=https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/2158.wss|title=New ThinkPad i Series Notebook PCs Double as Mobile Entertainment Centers |date=8 June 1999 |location=[[Somers, New York]] |publisher=[[IBM]] |access-date=1 January 2015|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303220143/https://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/2158.wss|url-status=live}}</ref> The 1400 and 1500 models were designed by Acer for IBM under contract (and are thus nicknamed the AcerPad) and featured similar hardware found in Acer laptops (including ALi chipsets, three way audio jacks and the internal plastics painted with a copper paint).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:I_Series|title=Category:I Series|access-date=1 January 2015|archive-date=25 February 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150225232816/http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:I_Series|url-status=live}}</ref> Some of the i Series ThinkPads, particularly the Acer developed models, are prone to broken hinges and stress damage on the chassis.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} One notable ThinkPad in the i Series lineup are the '''S3x (S30/S31)''' models: featuring a unique keyboard and lid design allowing a standard size keyboard to fit in a chassis that otherwise wouldn't be able to support the protruding keyboard. These models were largely only available in Asia Pacific. IBM offered an optional piano black lid on these models (designed by the Yamato Design lab).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thinkpadfc.blogspot.ca/2013/05/memory-thinkpad-iseries-s30-s31-do-you-still-keep-this-beast.html|title=[Memory] - ThinkPad iSeries S30/S31 - Do You Still Keep This Beast? |website=ThinkPad FC |access-date=1 January 2015|archive-date=8 February 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160208032933/http://thinkpadfc.blogspot.ca/2013/05/memory-thinkpad-iseries-s30-s31-do-you-still-keep-this-beast.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> This is the only ThinkPad since the 701C to feature a special design to accommodate a keyboard that's physically larger than the laptop and also the only ThinkPad (aside from the Z61) to deviate away from the standard matte lid.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} <gallery perrow="5" widths="180" heights="140"> File:IBM ThinkPad S30 lid.jpg|The ThinkPad S31 with the piano black finish option sitting on top of a Z61t; both ThinkPads deviate from the usual matte black. File:IBM ThinkPad S30 open.jpg|The S31 with the lid open showing the unique protruding keyboard; no touchpad was offered, to keep the laptop compact. File:IBM ThinkPad i Series.png|The i Series 1400 with the integrated CD player and customizable multimedia access buttons </gallery> ===A series (2000–2004)=== {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="min-width: 75%;" |- ! colspan="8" |IBM ThinkPad A series 2000-2004 |- !Case !Screen !Type ! colspan="3" |A2* ! colspan="2" |A3* |- | rowspan="4" |14.1" |12.1" | rowspan="3" |Low-cost |A20m |A21m |A22m ! colspan="2" rowspan="3" |replaced by{{Br}}R series |- |13.3" ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | | rowspan="2" |A22e |- | rowspan="2" |14.1" |- | rowspan="2" |Mainstream | rowspan="2" |A20m | rowspan="2" |A21m | rowspan="2" |A22m | rowspan="2" |A30 | rowspan="2" |A31 |- | colspan="2" rowspan="2" |15.0" |- |Performance |A20p |A21p |A22p |A30p |A31p |} The A series was developed as an all-around productivity machine, equipped with hardware powerful enough to make it a desktop replacement. Hence it was the biggest and heaviest ThinkPad series of its time, but also had features not even found in a T series of the same age. The A series was dropped in favor of the R and G series. The A31 was released in 2002 as a desktop replacement system equipped with: A Pentium 4-M processor clocked at 1.6, 1.8, 1.9, or 2.0&nbsp;GHz (max supported is a 2.6&nbsp;GHz), An ATI Mobility Radeon 7500, 128 or 256&nbsp;MB of PC2100 RAM (officially upgradable to 1&nbsp;GB but can be unofficially upgraded to 2&nbsp;GB), IBM High Rate Wireless (PRISM 2.5 Based, can be modified to support WPA-TKIP) and equipped with a 20, 30, or 40&nbsp;GB hard disk drive. ===R series (2001–2010, 2018-present?)=== The R series was a budget line, beginning with the R30 in 2001 and ending with the R400 and R500 presented in 2008. [[File:IBM Thinkpads.jpg|thumb|An IBM ThinkPad R60 from 2006 (right) next to a T60 also from 2006]] Th also from 2006e successors of the R400 and R500 models are the [[ThinkPad L series|L series]] models L412 and L512. A notable model is the R50p with an optional 15" {{resx|2048|1536}} IPS LCD screen (introduced in 2003).<ref>{{cite web|url=https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/solutions/pd010746|publisher=Lenovo|title=Detailed specifications – ThinkPad R50, R50p, R51|access-date=10 February 2019|archive-date=12 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190212011607/https://support.lenovo.com/us/en/solutions/pd010746|url-status=dead}}</ref> {| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="min-width: 75%;" |- ! colspan="13" style="text-align:center;" | IBM/Lenovo ThinkPad R series 2001-2010 |- ! colspan="3" | ! colspan="3" |R3* !R4* ! colspan="3" |R5* ! colspan="2" |R6* !R*0* |- !Case !Screen !Marketing ! colspan="10" |4:3 screens |- | rowspan="5" |14.1" | rowspan="2" |13.3" |Low-cost ! colspan="3" | |R40e ! colspan="6" rowspan="2" |merged with 14" line |- |Standard |R30 |R31 |R32 |R40 |- | rowspan="3" |14.1" | rowspan="2" |Low-cost ! colspan="3" rowspan="2" | |R40e |R50e |R51e |R52e |R60e ! colspan="2" rowspan="4" |replaced by 16:10 line |- ! colspan="4" | |R60i |- |Standard |R30 |R31 |R32 |R40 |R50 |R51 |R52 |R60 |- | colspan="2" rowspan="4" |15.0" | rowspan="2" |Low-cost ! colspan="3" rowspan="4" | ! rowspan="2" | |R50e |R51e |R52e |R60e |- ! colspan="3" | |R60i |R61i !replaced by SL series |- |Standard |R40 |R50 |R51 |R52 |R60 |R61 !replaced by R500 |- |Performance ! |R50p ! colspan="5" |replaced by T##p series |- ! colspan="3" | ! colspan="10" |16:10 screens |- | colspan="2" rowspan="4" |14.1" | rowspan="2" |Low-cost ! colspan="8" rowspan="8" | |R61e ! rowspan="2" |replaced by{{Br}}SL series |- |R61i |- |Ultrabook |R61u<ref name=":0">https://psref.lenovo.com/syspool/Sys/PDF/withdrawnbook/ltwbook_2013.pdf</ref> ! |- |Standard |R61 |R400 |- | colspan="2" rowspan="4" |15.4" | rowspan="2" |Low-cost |R61e ! rowspan="2" |replaced by{{Br}}SL series |- |R61i |- |Ultrabook |R61u<ref name=":0" /> ! |- |Standard |R61 |R500 |} <gallery perrow="5" widths="180px" heights="140px"> Image:ThinkPadR500.png|Lenovo ThinkPad R500 Image:ThinkPadR500Clsd.png|Lenovo ThinkPad R500 (lid closed) Image:IBM Thinkpad R51.jpg|IBM ThinkPad R51 Image:ThinkPad R32 (1).jpg|IBM ThinkPad R32 </gallery> The R series reintroduced in 2018 (for Chinese market only) with the same hardware as [[ThinkPad E series|E series]] models, but with aluminum display cover, discrete GPU, TPM chip and fingerprint reader. ===G series (2003–2006)=== {{Main|ThinkPad G series}} The G series consisted of only three models, the G40, G41 and G50 (which was only sold in Japan). Being large and heavy machines, equipped with powerful desktop processors, this line of ThinkPads consequently served mainly as budget replacements for desktop computers. The G series was able to be configured with either an entry-level Celeron or a 3 GHz Pentium 4 processor. The G series line of ThinkPads often received criticism for its heft, weighing in at 8.4lbs (3.81kg). <ref>{{cite web |title=CNET Thinkpad G-Series Review |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/thinkpad-g-series-review/}}</ref> ===Z series (2005–2007)=== The Z series was released as a high-end multimedia laptop; as a result this was the first ThinkPad to feature a widescreen (16:10 aspect ratio) display.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tomsguide.com/us/widescreen-thinkpad-z60m,review-670.html|title=Is Lenovo's Widescreen Z60m the First Thinkpad Multimedia Powerhouse?|first=Harald |last=Thon |date=27 March 2006|work=Tom's Guide|access-date=30 April 2015|archive-date=25 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151125132136/http://www.tomsguide.com/us/widescreen-thinkpad-z60m,review-670.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/TFT_display|title=TFT display|work=thinkwiki.org|access-date=30 April 2015|archive-date=28 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150428074855/http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/TFT_display|url-status=live}}</ref> The Z series was also unique in that certain models featured an (optional) titanium lid.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.notebookreview.com/notebookreview/lenovo-thinkpad-z60t-review-pics-specs/|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Z60t Review (pics, specs)|work=NotebookReview.com|date=27 January 2022|access-date=30 April 2015|archive-date=2 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150502192745/http://www.notebookreview.com/notebookreview/lenovo-thinkpad-z60t-review-pics-specs/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Integrated WWAN and a webcam were also found on some configurations. The series has only ever included the Z60 ([[ThinkPad Z60m|Z60m]] and Z60t) and Z61 (Z61m, Z61t and Z61p); the latter of which is the first Z series ThinkPad with Intel "[[Intel Core|Yonah]]" Dual-Core Technology. The processor supports [[Intel VT-x]]; this is disabled in the BIOS but can be turned on with a BIOS update. Running fully virtualised [[operating system]]s via [[Xen]] or [[VMware]] is therefore possible.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Hamm |first1=Steve |first2=Kenji |last2=Hall |url=http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2008-02-13/building-the-perfect-laptop |title=Building the Perfect Laptop |work=Bloomberg BusinessWeek |date=13 February 2008 |access-date=27 August 2014 |url-access=subscription |archive-date=14 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140914122346/http://www.businessweek.com/stories/2008-02-13/building-the-perfect-laptop |url-status=dead }}</ref> Despite the Z61 carrying the same number as the T61, the hardware of the Z61 is closer to a T60 (and likewise the Z60 being closer to a T43). <gallery perrow="5" widths="180px" heights="140px"> Image:Z61t cover.JPG|The Z61 featuring a titanium lid (note the duality of colors) Image:Z60t lid closed.jpg|The ThinkPad Z61t accompanied by a silver ScrollPoint Pro Image:Z60t opened.jpg|The ThinkPad Z61t opened showing the internal keyboard </gallery> ===ThinkPad Reserve Edition (2007)=== The "15-year anniversary" ThinkPad model (based on a X60s laptop). This model was initially known inside of Lenovo as the "Scout". This was the name of the horse ridden by [[Tonto]], the sidekick from the 1950s television series ''The Lone Ranger''. Lenovo envisioned the Scout as a very high-end ThinkPad that would be analogous to a luxury car. Each unit was covered in fine leather embossed with its owners initials. Extensive market research was conducted on how consumers would perceive this form factor. It was determined that they appreciated that it emphasised warmth, nature, and human relations over technology. The Scout was soon renamed the ThinkPad Reserve Edition. It came bundled with premium services including a dedicated 24-hour technical support hotline that would be answered immediately. It was released in 2007 and sold for $5,000 in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |last=Miller |first=Paul |url=https://www.engadget.com/2007/06/15/thinkpad-reserve-edition-unveiled/ |title=ThinkPad Reserve Edition unveiled |work=Engadget |date=15 June 2007 |access-date=7 May 2014 |archive-date=8 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508030543/http://www.engadget.com/2007/06/15/thinkpad-reserve-edition-unveiled/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Biggs |first=John |url=https://techcrunch.com/2007/09/05/thinkpad-reserve-edition/ |title=ThinkPad Reserve Edition |publisher=TechCrunch |date=5 September 2007 |access-date=7 May 2014 |archive-date=8 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140508031023/http://techcrunch.com/2007/09/05/thinkpad-reserve-edition/ |url-status=live }}</ref> ===SL series (2008–2010)=== [[File:Portable Screening Devices (1295) (8225036586).jpg|thumb|ThinkPad SL400]] The SL series was launched in 2008 as a low-end ThinkPad targeted mainly geared toward small businesses.<ref>{{cite web|title=ThinkPad SL Series |date=25 July 2008 |work=Inside the Box lenovo Blog |url=http://www.lenovoblogs.com/insidethebox/2008/07/thinkpad-sl-series/ |access-date=31 May 2011|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110602034544/http://www.lenovoblogs.com/insidethebox/2008/07/thinkpad-sl-series/ |archive-date=2 June 2011}}</ref> These lacked several traditional ThinkPad features, such as the ThinkLight, magnesium alloy roll cage, UltraBay, and lid latch, and use a 6-row keyboard with a different layout than the traditional 7-row ThinkPad keyboard; also, SL series models have IdeaPad-based firmware. Models offered included 13.3" (SL300), 14" (SL400 and SL410) and 15.6" (SL500 and SL510). ===W series (2008–2015)=== [[File:Lenovo Thinkpad - Three different sizes.jpg|thumb|17.3" W700 compared to a 15.6" T500 and a compact 12.5" X200]] {{Main|ThinkPad W series}} The W series laptops were introduced by Lenovo as workstation-class laptops with their own letter designation, a descendant of prior [[ThinkPad T series]] models suffixed with 'p' (e.g. T61p), and are geared towards CAD users, photographers, power users, and others, who need a high-performance system for demanding tasks. The W series laptops were launched in 2008, at the same time as the Intel Centrino 2, marking an overhaul of Lenovo's product lineup. The first two W series laptops introduced were the W500 and the W700. Previously available were the W7xx series (17" widescreen model), the W500 (15.4" 16:10 ratio model), the W510 (15.6" 16:9 ratio model), and W520 (15.6" 16:9 ratio model). The W700ds and the W701ds both had two displays: a 17" main LCD and a 10" slide-out secondary LCD. The W7xx series were also available with a Wacom digitizer built into the palm rest. These high-performance workstation models offered more high-end components, such as quad core CPUs and higher-end workstation graphics compared to the T series, and were the most powerful ThinkPad laptops available. Until the W540, they retained the ThinkLight, UltraBay, roll cage, and lid latch found on the T series. The W540 release marked the end of the lid latch, ThinkLight, and hot-swappable UltraBays found in earlier models. The '''ThinkPad W series''' [[laptops]] from [[Lenovo]] are described by the manufacturer as being "mobile workstations", and suit that description by being physically on the larger side of the laptop spectrum, with screens ranging from 15" to 17" in size. Most W series laptops offer high-end quad-core [[Intel]] processors with an integrated GPU as well as an [[Nvidia Quadro]] discrete GPU, utilizing [[Nvidia Optimus]] to switch between the two GPUs as required. Notable exceptions are the W500, which has ATI FireGL integrated workstation-class graphics, and the W550s, which is an [[Ultrabook]]-specification laptop with only a dual-core processor. The W series laptops offer [[independent software vendor]] certifications from various vendors such as [[Adobe Systems]] and [[Autodesk]] for CAD and 3D modeling software. The ThinkPad W series has been discontinued and replaced by the [[ThinkPad P series|P series]] mobile workstations. ===Edge series (2010)=== {{Main|ThinkPad E series}} The Edge series was released early in 2010 as small business and consumer-end machines. The design was a radical departure compared to the traditional black boxy ThinkPad design, with glossy surfaces (optional matte finish on later models), rounded corners, and silver trim. They were also offered in red, a first for the traditionally black ThinkPads. Like the SL, this series was targeted towards small businesses and consumers, and lack the roll cage, UltraBay, lid latch, and ThinkLight of traditional ThinkPads (though the 2011 E220s and E420s had ThinkLights).<ref>{{cite web |title= Lenovo Announces Premium ThinkPad Edge E220s, E420s SMB Notebooks |author= Hobbes, John |date= 3 January 2011 |work= Thinkpads.com |url= http://www.thinkpads.com/2011/01/03/lenovo-announces-premium-thinkpad-edge-e220s-e420s-smb-notebooks/ |access-date= 3 June 2011 |archive-date= 17 July 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717051214/http://www.thinkpads.com/2011/01/03/lenovo-announces-premium-thinkpad-edge-e220s-e420s-smb-notebooks/ |url-status= dead }}</ref> This also introduced an [[island-style keyboard]] with a significantly different layout. Models included 13.3" (Edge 13), 14" (Edge 14), and 15.6" (Edge 15) sizes. An 11.6" (Edge 11) model was offered, but not available in the United States.<ref>{{cite news |title= Lenovo ThinkPad Edge 11 announced with Intel and AMD options, denied US citizenship |last= Stern |first=Joanna |date= 28 September 2010 |work= [[Engadget]] |url= https://www.engadget.com/2010/09/28/lenovo-thinkpad-edge-11-announced-with-intel-and-amd-options-de/ |access-date= 3 June 2011 |archive-date= 4 June 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110604172911/http://www.engadget.com/2010/09/28/lenovo-thinkpad-edge-11-announced-with-intel-and-amd-options-de/ |url-status= live }}</ref> The latest models of E series can be offered with Edge branding,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://gamertops.com/lenovo-thinkpad-edge-e545-review|title= Lenovo Thinkpad Edge E545 Review|publisher= Gaming Laptop|access-date= 23 February 2015|archive-date= 22 February 2015|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150222180449/http://gamertops.com/lenovo-thinkpad-edge-e545-review|url-status= dead}}</ref> but this naming is optional and uncommon. ===S series (2012–2014)=== The S Series is positioned as a mid-range ThinkPad offering, containing ultrabooks derived from the Edge Series. As of August 2013, the S Series includes S531 and S440 models; their cases are made of aluminum and magnesium alloy, available in silver and gunmetal colors.<ref name="notebookcheck-s440">{{cite web|first=Tobias |last=Winkler|date=30 August 2013|title=Review Lenovo ThinkPad S440 Touch Ultrabook|url=http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Lenovo-ThinkPad-S440-Touch-Ultrabook.100047.0.html|access-date=24 December 2013|publisher=notebookcheck.net|archive-date=25 December 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225234228/http://www.notebookcheck.net/Review-Lenovo-ThinkPad-S440-Touch-Ultrabook.100047.0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ==== ThinkPad Twist (2012) ==== The [[ThinkPad Twist]] (Edge S230u) is a laptop/tablet computer hybrid aimed at high-end users. The Twist gets its name from its screen's ability to twist in a manner that converts the device into a tablet. The Twist has a 12.5" screen and makes use of Intel's Core i7 processor and SSD technology in lieu of a hard drive.<ref name="Twist">{{cite web|url=http://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/lenovo-thinkpad-twist-1107355/review|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Twist review|first=James |last=Stables |work=TechRadar|date=21 January 2013|access-date=27 November 2012|archive-date=29 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121129114114/http://www.techradar.com/reviews/pc-mac/laptops-portable-pcs/lenovo-thinkpad-twist-1107355/review|url-status=live}}</ref> In a review for ''Engadget'' Dana Wollman wrote, "Lately, we feel like all of our reviews of Windows 8 convertibles end the same way. The ThinkPad Twist has plenty going for it: a bright IPS display, a good port selection, an affordable price and an unrivaled typing experience. Like ThinkPads past, it also offers some useful software features for businesses lacking dedicated IT departments. All good things, but what's a road warrior to do when the battery barely lasts four hours? Something tells us the Twist will still appeal to Lenovo loyalists, folks who trust ThinkPad's build quality and wouldn't be caught dead using any other keyboard. If you're more brand-agnostic, though, there are other Windows 8 convertibles with comfortable keyboards – not to mention, sharper screens, faster performance and longer battery life."<ref name="Engadget">{{cite web|url=https://www.engadget.com/2012/11/21/lenovo-thinkpad-twist-review/|title=Lenovo ThinkPad Twist review: an old form factor gets new life with Windows 8|work=Engadget|publisher=AOL|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-date=15 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170815221721/https://www.engadget.com/2012/11/21/lenovo-thinkpad-twist-review/|url-status=live |first=Dana |last=Wollman |date=21 November 2012}}</ref> ===ThinkPad Helix (2013–2015)=== {{Main|ThinkPad Helix}} [[File:ThinkPad Helix.jpeg|thumb|The ThinkPad Helix on display in Hong Kong]] The Helix is a [[convertible laptop]] satisfying both tablet and conventional notebook users. It uses a "rip and flip" design that allows the user to detach the display and then replace it facing in a different direction. It sports an 11.6" Full HD (1920 × 1080) display, with support for Windows 8 multi-touch. As all essential processing hardware is contained in the display assembly and it has multitouch capability, the detached monitor can be used as a standalone tablet computer. The Helix's high-end hardware and build quality, including [[Gorilla Glass]], stylus-based input, and Intel vPro hardware-based security features, are designed to appeal to business users.<ref name="Helix1">{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/lenovo-shows-thinkpad-helix-and-ideapad-yoga-11s-convertibles/|title=Lenovo announces ThinkPad Helix and IdeaPad Yoga 11S convertibles|first=Matthew |last=Smith |date=7 January 2013|work=Digital Trends|access-date=8 January 2013|archive-date=11 January 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130111112555/http://www.digitaltrends.com/mobile/lenovo-shows-thinkpad-helix-and-ideapad-yoga-11s-convertibles/|url-status=live}}</ref> In a review published in ''Forbes'' Jason Evangelho wrote, "The first laptop I owned was a [[IBM ThinkPad T20 series|ThinkPad T20]], and the next one may very likely be the ThinkPad Helix which Lenovo unveiled at CES 2013. In a sea of touch-inspired Windows 8 hardware, it's the first ultrabook convertible with a form factor that gets everything right. The first batch of Windows 8 ultrabooks get high marks for their inspired designs, but aren't quite flexible enough to truly be BYOD (Bring Your Own Device) solutions. Lenovo's own IdeaPad Yoga came close, but the sensation of feeling the keyboard underneath your fingers when transformed into tablet mode was slightly jarring. Dell's XPS 12 solved that problem with its clever rotating hinge design, but I wanted the ability to remove the tablet display entirely from both of those products."<ref name="Forbes1">{{cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2013/01/12/best-of-ces-is-lenovos-thinkpad-helix-the-perfect-ultrabooktablet-hybrid|title=Best of CES: Is Lenovo's ThinkPad Helix The Perfect Ultrabook/Tablet Hybrid?|first=Jason |last=Evangelho |date=12 January 2013 |work=Forbes|access-date=16 September 2017|archive-date=8 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108050102/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jasonevangelho/2013/01/12/best-of-ces-is-lenovos-thinkpad-helix-the-perfect-ultrabooktablet-hybrid|url-status=live}}</ref> ===ThinkPad 11e (2014–2021)=== The ThinkPad 11e was a low-cost laptop computer for schools and students with an 11-inch screen and without trackpoint. [[ThinkPad Yoga#Yoga 11e (Windows version)|11e Yoga]] is a convertible version of 11e. ===ThinkPad 13 (2016–2018)=== The ThinkPad 13 (also known as the Thinkpad S2 in mainland China) is a "budget" model with a 13-inch screen. Versions running Windows 10 and Google's ChromeOS were options. The most powerful configuration had a 6th generation Core i7 processor and a 512{{nbsp}}GB SSD. Connectivity includes HDMI, USB 3.0, OneLink+, USB Type-C, etc. It weighs {{cvt|2.3|lb|kg|order=flip}} and is {{cvt|0.38|in|mm|order=flip}} thick.<ref name="X260">{{cite web|url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/lenovo-think-lineup-ces2016/|title=Lenovo thinks big with massive ThinkPad lineup revealed at CES 2016|date=3 January 2016|access-date=11 January 2016|archive-date=4 January 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160104052948/http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/lenovo-think-lineup-ces2016/|url-status=dead |first=Gabe |last=Carey}}</ref> In 2017, a second generation Ultrabook model has been released with up to a 7th generation Core i7 processor and a FHD touchscreen available in certain countries. This lineup was merged into the L series in 2018, with the L380 being the successor to the 13 Gen 2. ===25th anniversary Retro ThinkPad (2017)=== [[File:ThinkPad 25th Anniversary Edition on display.jpg|thumb|25th Anniversary Retro ThinkPad on display in Hong Kong]] Lenovo released the 25th anniversary Retro ThinkPad 25 in October 2017. The model is based on the T470, the difference being it having the 7-Row "Classic" keyboard with the layout found on the −20 Series, and the logo received a splash of colour reminiscent of the IBM era. The last ThinkPad models with the 7-row keyboard were introduced in 2011.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/10/05/lenovo_retro_thinkpad_25th_anniversary/|title=Lenovo spits out retro ThinkPads for iconic laptop's 25th birthday|first=Iain |last=Thomson |location=[[San Francisco]]|date=5 October 2017|work=The Register|access-date=28 March 2018|archive-date=28 March 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180328231536/https://www.theregister.co.uk/2017/10/05/lenovo_retro_thinkpad_25th_anniversary/|url-status=live}}</ref> === A series (2017–2018) === In September 2017, Lenovo announced two ThinkPad models featuring AMD's PRO chipset technology – the A275 and A475.<ref>{{cite press release|url=http://news.lenovo.com/news-releases/lenovo-reveals-new-thinkpad-series-powered-by-amd-pro.htm|title=Lenovo™ Reveals New ThinkPad A series Powered by AMD PRO |publisher=Lenovo|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029121100/http://news.lenovo.com/news-releases/lenovo-reveals-new-thinkpad-series-powered-by-amd-pro.htm|url-status=dead}}</ref> This sees the revival of the A Series nameplate not seen since the early 2000s when ThinkPads were under IBM's ownership, however it is likely the "A" moniker emphasised that it uses AMD technology rather than comparative product segment (workstation class) of the previous line.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Confirmed-Lenovo-s-AMD-ThinkPads-A275-and-A475-are-based-on-the-X270-and-T470.240156.0.html|title=Confirmed: Lenovo's AMD ThinkPads A275 and A475 are based on the X270 and T470|work=Notebookcheck|access-date=28 October 2017|archive-date=29 October 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171029065654/https://www.notebookcheck.net/Confirmed-Lenovo-s-AMD-ThinkPads-A275-and-A475-are-based-on-the-X270-and-T470.240156.0.html|url-status=live |first=Benjamin |last=Herzig |date=4 August 2017}}</ref> While this isn't the first time Lenovo had offered an AMD derived ThinkPad, it is the first to be released as an alternative premium offering to the established T series and X series ThinkPads, which use Intel processors instead. ;A275 and A475:The A275 is a 12.5" ultraportable based on the Intel derived X270 model. Weighing in at 2.9 pounds (1.31&nbsp;kg) this model features AMD Carrizo or Bristol Ridge APU's, AMD Radeon R7 graphics and AMD DASH (Desktop and mobile Architecture for System Hardware) for enterprise computing. :The A475 is a 14" mainstream portable computer based on the Intel derived T470 model. Weighing at 3.48 pounds (1.57&nbsp;kg), like the A275 it features AMD Carrizo or Bristol Ridge APU's, AMD Radeon R7 graphics and AMD DASH (Desktop and mobile Architecture for System Hardware) for enterprise computing. ;A285 and A485:The A285 is a 12.5" laptop which is an upgraded version of the A275. Weighing in at {{convert|2.78|lbs|kg|abbr=on}}, this model utilizes an AMD [[Ryzen#APUs|Raven Ridge APU]] with integrated Vega graphics, specifically a Ryzen 5 PRO 2500U or Ryzen 7 PRO 2700. The laptop also contains a discrete [[Trusted Platform Module]] (dTPM) for data encryption and password protection, supporting TPM 2.0. Optional security features include a fingerprint scanner and smart card reader. The display's native resolution can be either {{resx|1366|768}} or {{resx|1920|1080}} depending on the configuration.<ref>{{cite web|last=Bade|first=Sebastian|title=Lenovo ThinkPad A285 (Ryzen 5 Pro, Vega 8, FHD) Laptop Review|url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenovo-ThinkPad-A285-Ryzen-5-Pro-Vega-8-FHD-Laptop-Review.391526.0.html|access-date=2022-01-15|website=Notebookcheck|language=en|archive-date=15 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115142631/https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenovo-ThinkPad-A285-Ryzen-5-Pro-Vega-8-FHD-Laptop-Review.391526.0.html|url-status=live |date=6 January 2019}}</ref> :The A485 is a 14" laptop which is an upgraded version of the A475. Weighing {{convert|3.63|lbs|kg|abbr=on}}, this model utilizes AMD's [[Ryzen#APUs|Raven Ridge APU's]] with integrated Vega graphics. This model can use multiple models of Raven Ridge APU's, unlike the A285. The laptop also contains a Discrete [[Trusted Platform Module]] (dTPM) for data encryption and password protection, supporting TPM 2.0. Optional security features include a fingerprint scanner and smart card reader. The display's native resolution can be either {{resx|1366|768}} or {{resx|1920|1080}} depending on the configuration.<ref>{{cite web|last=Herzig|first=Benjamin|title=Lenovo ThinkPad A485 (Ryzen 5 Pro) Laptop Review|url=https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenovo-ThinkPad-A485-Ryzen-5-Pro-Laptop-Review.334528.0.html|access-date=2022-01-15|website=Notebookcheck|language=en|archive-date=16 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220116012107/https://www.notebookcheck.net/Lenovo-ThinkPad-A485-Ryzen-5-Pro-Laptop-Review.334528.0.html|url-status=live |date=26 September 2018}}</ref> ==Accessories== Lenovo also makes a range of accessories meant to complement and enhance the experience of using a ThinkPad device. These include: === ThinkPad Stack (2015–current) === [[File:ThinkPad Stack (1).jpg|thumb|ThinkPad Stack]] The ThinkPad Stack line of products includes accessories designed for portability and interoperability. This line includes external hard drives, a wireless router, a power bank,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Brant |first=Tom |date=2015-10-20 |title=Lenovo ThinkPad Stack Review |url=https://www.pcmag.com/reviews/lenovo-thinkpad-stack |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=[[PCMag]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ackerman |first=Dan |title=Lenovo ThinkPad Stack review: Lenovo lines up the ThinkPad Stack for modular PC add-ons |url=https://www.cnet.com/reviews/lenovo-thinkpad-stack-preview/ |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=CNET |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Lenovo's new laptop accessories are modular, stackable, weird |url=https://www.engadget.com/2015-01-04-lenovo-thinkpad-stack.html |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=Engadget |date=5 January 2015 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Andrew E. Freedman published |date=2016-02-03 |title=Lenovo Thinkpad Stack - Full Review and Benchmarks |url=https://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/accessories/lenovo-thinkpad-stack |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=LaptopMag |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Jacobi |first=Jon |title=Thinkpad Stack review: Lenovo's unique stackable peripherals are made for travel |url=https://www.pcworld.com/article/424601/thinkpad-stack-review-lenovos-unique-stackable-peripherals-are-made-for-travel.html |access-date=2022-11-02 |website=[[PCWorld]] |language=en}}</ref> and a Bluetooth 4.0 speaker. Each Stack device includes rubber feet, magnets, and [[pogo pin|pogo-pin]] power connections that allow the use of a single cable. The combined weight of all the Stack devices is slightly less than two pounds. The Stack series was announced in January 2015 at the International CES.<ref name="Stack">{{cite news |last=Sanders |first=James |date=13 October 2015 |title=ThinkPad Stack Professional Kit delivers on interoperability and portability, disappoints on speed |url=http://www.techrepublic.com/article/thinkpad-stack-professional-kit-delivers-on-interoperability-and-portability-disappoints-on-speed/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151115085706/http://www.techrepublic.com/article/thinkpad-stack-professional-kit-delivers-on-interoperability-and-portability-disappoints-on-speed/ |archive-date=15 November 2015 |access-date=7 November 2015 |newspaper=Tech Republic |location=United States}}</ref> The Stack series of accessories was expanded at the 2016 International CES to include a 720p resolution projector with 150 lumens of brightness and a wireless charging station (However, the wireless charger was never released).<ref name="trends">{{cite web |author=Gabe Carey |date=3 January 2016 |title=These are Lenovo's First 2016 ThinkPads – CES 2016 – Page 2 – Digital Trends |url=http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/lenovo-think-lineup-ces2016/2/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170421001324/http://www.digitaltrends.com/computing/lenovo-think-lineup-ces2016/2/ |archive-date=21 April 2017 |access-date=11 January 2016 |work=Digital Trends}}</ref> The Stack has a "blocky, black, and rectangular" look with the ThinkPad logo. It shares a common design language with ThinkPad laptop computers.<ref>{{cite web |last=Freedman |first=Andrew E. |date=3 February 2016 |title=Lenovo Thinkpad Stack Review |url=http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/accessories/lenovo-thinkpad-stack |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160216025616/http://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/accessories/lenovo-thinkpad-stack#sthash.dkiNYPtb.dpuf |archive-date=16 February 2016 |access-date=20 March 2023}}</ref> === Docking stations (1993–current) === [[File:ThinkPad Ultra docking station.JPG|thumb|Ultra Docking Station for the T470, T460, T450, L440, L540, X240, T540, T440, T440, and W540 laptops]] [[File:Thinkpad_docking_station_near_T61_laptop.JPG|thumb|Docking station for the T60, T61 and T400/T500 laptops]] {{Expand section|date=November 2018}} Current docking stations (or docks) add much of the functional abilities of a desktop computer, including multiple display outputs, additional USB ports, and occasionally other features. This allows the ThinkPads to be connected and disconnected from various peripherals quickly and easily. Old docks connected via a proprietary connector located on the underside of the laptops. Current docks connect via [[Thunderbolt (interface)|Thunderbolt]] or [[USB-C]].<ref>{{cite web |author=<!--Haven't checked--> |date=<!--Haven't checked--> |title=Dock stations finder |url=https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/docksSearch/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190306043321/https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/docksSearch/ |archive-date=6 March 2019 |access-date=3 March 2019 |website=[[Lenovo]] |publisher=[[Legend Holdings]]}}</ref> === UltraBay (1995–2014) === {{Main|ThinkPad UltraBay}} The internal replaceable ([[Hot swapping|hot-swappable]]) CD-drive bay that supports a list of optional components, such as a CD-/DVD/Blu-ray drives, hard drive caddies, additional batteries, or device cradles. === Slice batteries (2000–2012) === Some classic models (IBM and early Lenovo T and X series) can support an additional slice battery instead of the UltraBay additional battery. === UltraPort (2000–2002) === {{Main|IBM ThinkPad UltraPort}} [[File:ThinkPad USB 3.0 Secure Hard Drive.jpg|thumb|195x195px|ThinkPad USB 3.0 Secure Hard Drive]] ===ThinkPad USB 3.0 Secure Hard Drive=== An external USB 3.0/2.0 hard drive that was designed by Lenovo in 2009. It requires the input of a 4 digit PIN to access data and this can be set by the user. These drives are manufactured for Lenovo by [[Apricorn, Inc.]]<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Eitelbach |first=David |date=18 April 2012 |title=Lenovo ThinkPad USB 3.0 Secure Hard Drive Review |url=https://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/storage/lenovothinkpad-usb-3-secure-hd |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190322030240/https://www.laptopmag.com/reviews/storage/lenovothinkpad-usb-3-secure-hd |archive-date=22 March 2019 |access-date=22 March 2019 |magazine=Laptop Magazine}}</ref> ===ThinkPad keyboards (external)=== [[File:UltraNav (3904380842).jpg|thumb|Classic 7-row UltraNav keyboard with touhpad and TrackPoint]] [[File:Thinkvantage (4544169139).jpg|thumb|Classic 7-row TrackPoint Keyboard]] [[File:ThinkPad TrackPoint Keyboard II.jpg|thumb|6-row TrackPoint Keyboard II]] IBM/Lenovo made several USB/Bluetooth keyboards with integrated UltraNav's and TrackPoints. Notable models include # SK-8845 # SK-8835 # SK-8855 # ThinkPad Compact USB Keyboard (current model)<ref>{{cite web |title=ThinkPad Compact USB Keyboard with TrackPoint |url=https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KEYBOARD-UK-English/p/0B47221 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115143447/https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KEYBOARD-UK-English/p/0B47221 |archive-date=15 January 2022 |access-date=2022-01-15 |website=www.lenovo.com |language=en}}</ref> # ThinkPad Compact Bluetooth Keyboard (current model)<ref>{{cite web |title=ThinkPad Compact Bluetooth Keyboard with TrackPoint - UK English |url=https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KBD-BO-Compact-KBD-UK-English/p/4Y40U90597 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115143441/https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KBD-BO-Compact-KBD-UK-English/p/4Y40U90597 |archive-date=15 January 2022 |access-date=2022-01-15 |website=www.lenovo.com |language=en}}</ref> # ThinkPad TrackPoint Keyboard II (current model)<ref>{{cite web |title=ThinkPad TrackPoint Keyboard II (UK English) |url=https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KBD-BO-TrackPoint-KBD-UK-English/p/4Y40X49520 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220115143445/https://www.lenovo.com/gb/en/accessories-and-monitors/keyboards-and-mice/keyboards/KBD-BO-TrackPoint-KBD-UK-English/p/4Y40X49520 |archive-date=15 January 2022 |access-date=2022-01-15 |website=www.lenovo.com |language=en}}</ref> ===ThinkPad mice=== ThinkPad mice come in several different varieties ranging from Bluetooth ones through wired ones, to even ones with a [[trackpoint]] built-in and labelled as a [[scroll point]]. ===ThinkPad stands=== {{stub section|date=September 2023}} Thinkplus laptop stands (Asia markets only) ===ThinkPlus charger=== GaN charger with a [[USB-C]] output. They are mostly sold with the "thinkplus" branding in Asia (notably south-east Asia) and are popular there.<ref>{{cite web |author=Floyd |date=16 August 2019 |title=Lenovo Thinkplus PA65 65W USB PD Charger Teardown Review: Engineering Brilliance |url=https://www.chargerlab.com/lenovo-thinkplus-pa65-65w-usb-pd-charger-teardown-review-engineering-brilliance/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211124213929/https://www.chargerlab.com/lenovo-thinkplus-pa65-65w-usb-pd-charger-teardown-review-engineering-brilliance/ |archive-date=24 November 2021 |accessdate=2022-03-16 |publisher=Chargerlab}}</ref> == Timeline == {{Timeline of the IBM Personal Computer}} ==See also== * [[ThinkBook]] * IBM/Lenovo [[ThinkCentre]] and [[ThinkStation]] business desktops * [[List of IBM products]] * [[HP EliteBook]] and [[HP ProBook|ProBook]] * [[Dell Latitude]] and [[Dell Precision|Precision]] * [[Fujitsu Lifebook]] and [[Fujitsu Celsius|Celsius]] ==References== {{reflist}} ==External links== {{Commons category}} * {{Official website|https://www.lenovo.com/us/en/thinkpad}} * [http://www.thinkwiki.org/wiki/Category:Models ThinkPad models] on ThinkWiki * Withdrawn models [https://web.archive.org/web/20180415221300/http://psref.lenovo.com/WithdrawnBook# Specs Books] * {{Cite news |last=Schofield |first=Jack |date=9 May 2014 |title=Which ThinkPad laptops have the best keyboards? |url=https://www.theguardian.com/technology/askjack/2014/may/09/which-thinkpad-laptops-have-the-best-keyboards |access-date=4 January 2018 |work=The Guardian}} {{IBM personal computers}} {{Lenovo|servers=yes|workstations=yes|desktops=yes|laptops=yes|tablets=yes|phones=yes|other=yes|acquisitions=yes|other2=yes|below=yes}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:ThinkPad| ]] [[Category:IBM laptops|Think]] [[Category:Lenovo laptops|Think]] [[Category:Consumer electronics brands]] [[Category:Computer-related introductions in 1992]] [[Category:2005 mergers and acquisitions]] [[Category:Divested IBM products]] [[Category:Business laptops]]'